Saudi Cultural Missions Theses & Dissertations
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Item Restricted Child with ASD in the Emergency Department: A Critical Integrative Literature Review of ASD Child and Family Experience(Queen's University Belfast, 2024-07-02) Alzubaidi, Salwa; Corkin, DorisBackground: The Emergency Department (ED) serves as a crucial space for urgent medical care, grappling with challenges like overcrowding, extended waiting times, and communication barriers, affecting both patients and professionals globally. Despite efforts, the ED remains strained with medical emergencies. Simultaneously, Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) prevalence has risen significantly, leading to increased utilization of ED services by individuals with ASD, who often present with complex needs. Addressing these challenges requires a patient and family-centred approach, emphasizing communication, informed decision-making, and collaboration between healthcare providers and families. However, implementing such an approach in the fast-paced ED environment remains challenging, compounded by varying healthcare providers’ knowledge and attitudes towards neurodevelopmental disorders. Aim: This study aims to highlight ASD children and their families’ experiences in ED settings, identifying specific aspects within the ASD child-ED interaction and provide actionable insights, to meet their needs effectively. Methods: A critical integrative review of literature carried out to characterize the experiences of autistic children in ED, in order to identify ways to enhance their interactions for improved care. Utilizing the PRISMA checklist, a systematic search of five electronic databases and hand searches conducted, for studies published between 2013 and 2023. Eligibility criteria developed based on the PICOS framework, ensuring relevance and quality. Results: Thematic analysis identified four dimensions of experiences in the ED for children with ASD. Insights from each dimension drawn into a roadmap of 6 blocks, informing strategies for improving the ED environment, enhancing staff training, optimizing healthcare delivery, and identifying areas for research to better support the autistic child and their family, throughout their overall experience in the ED. Conclusion: Despite available evidence of resources to enhance ASD care, persistent obstacles and challenges exist, with a pattern of information needed by the family. Data is key and relevant to support the organisation of sources that will enhance the experiences of children and their families within the ED environment.13 0Item Restricted Exploring Factors Contributing to Parental Vaccine Hesitancy (VH) Towards Childhood Immunisation for Children Aged Birth to Six Years: A Structured Literature Review.(Glasgow Caledonian University, 2024-08) Al Qorad, Hadi Saleh; MacDonald, EmmaAims: This structured literature review (SLR) aims to explore the factors contributing to parental vaccine hesitancy (VH) towards childhood immunisation, focusing on children from birth to six years old. This research seeks to assist public health policymakers in designing interventions to enhance vaccination coverage and improve public health outcomes. Background: Childhood vaccination is one of the most effective public health measures for preventing disease and death; however, increasing VH globally threatens herd immunity and the control of vaccine-preventable diseases (VPDs). The World Health Organisation identifies VH as one of the top global health threats, with misinformation, cultural beliefs and distrust of medical authorities as key drivers. Methods: An SLR was conducted to analyse existing qualitative studies on the determinants of VH. Databases such as MEDLINE, CINAHL and Web of Science were searched using pre- defined keywords related to VH, parental attitudes and childhood immunisations. Four qualitative studies were selected based on predefined inclusion criteria, and the data were synthesised using thematic analysis. Findings: The findings revealed five primary themes: safety concerns and fear of side effects, preference for natural immunity, distrust of vaccines and health authorities, perceived lack of necessity for vaccination and lack of access to information. The results indicate that parental VH is driven by a combination of misinformation, personal beliefs and a lack of trust in the healthcare system. Conclusion: Addressing VH requires targeted communication strategies that address safety concerns, improve trust in vaccines and provide clear, evidence-based information. By understanding the complex factors behind parental VH, this research contributes to public health strategies aimed at increasing vaccine acceptance and maintaining high levels of immunisation coverage to prevent outbreaks of VPDs.16 0Item Restricted Pediatric Oncology Nurses’ knowledge and practice in oral mucositis pain management: A Systematic Litruture Review.(Saudi Digital Library, 2023-11-09) ِAlotaibi, Amjad; Cardwell, PaulineBackground: Oral mucositis, a painful and distressing side effect of cancer treatment, affects patients' ability to eat, communicate, and maintain good nutrition. In order to provide comprehensive care to these patients, nurses are integral to managing the pain associated with oral mucositis. Yet, there are concerns regarding nurses' knowledge and adherence to evidence-based practices when addressing oral mucositis-related pain. Objective: to explore knowledge and practice of oncology nurses related to the management of oral mucositis pain in children with cancer diagnosis. Method: A systematic literature search was conducted using reputable databases such as PubMed, CINAHL, and Scopus. For eligibility purposes, studies published between 2013 and 2023 were reviewed. Studies selected focused on nurses' knowledge and practices regarding pain management associated with oral mucositis through cross-sectional surveys. PRISMA chart was used to document the search process, and JBI (Joanna Briggs Institute) criteria were used to evaluate studies included in the review. PIO elements were utilized to extract the data. Result: A review of seven cross-sectional studies meeting the predetermined criteria was conducted, covering different geographical regions. As a result of the data extraction process, oncology nurses consistently exhibited limited knowledge and practice in managing oral mucositis pain. Notably, nurses exhibited deficiencies in knowledge and practice related to pharmacological interventions, oral mucositis grading, and pain management guidelines. A lack of education and training, concerns about potential side effects from medications, and inconsistencies with pain assessment methods have all contributed to inadequate pain management. Conclusion: Several critical steps are needed to improve the quality of life of cancer patients with oral mucositis. By implementing standardised protocols for managing oral mucositis pain, nurses can provide consistent and evidence-based care, which enhances patient safety and treatment effectiveness. The multidisciplinary teamwork of oncologists, specialists, and other healthcare professionals provides a holistic approach to treating patients, addressing both their physical and psychological needs. Additionally, ongoing research provides nurses with access to emerging therapies and tailored interventions for improving care and outcomes in the management of oral mucositis.14 0