Saudi Cultural Missions Theses & Dissertations
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Item Restricted PET OWNERSHIP AND ITS ASSOCIATION WITH THE ORAL HEALTH OF OLDER ADULTS(Boston University, Henry M. Goldman School of Dental Medicine, 2024) AlMugbel, Khuloud; Scott, Thayer; Kaye, Elizabeth; McDonough, RobertObjective: To explore the effect of pet ownership (PO) on the oral health of older adults. Methods: NHANES data 2005-06 was analyzed (logistic/linear regression), restricted to aged 65 years and older. The outcomes of interest were the presence/absence of untreated dental caries, the presence/absence of dental restorations, and mean number of teeth. The primary independent variable was PO status within the past year. Potential confounders included demographic data (age, gender, race, marital status, poverty income ratio, education), smoking status, depression, physical activities, and mean sugar intake, taking into account NHANES complex sampling. Results: Individuals aged 65-69 were more likely to own pets than those older than 70 years, with dogs being the most popular pet (62%) followed by cats (31%). After adjusting for potential confounders, there was no association between pet ownership in seniors and the outcomes of interest. Non-Hispanic blacks reported the highest tooth loss (-6.42 teeth) among the racial groups and were 40% less likely to have a dental restoration. In the unadjusted model Mexican Americans have 2.83 times the odds of untreated dental caries compared to Non-Hispanic whites, while current smokers had 7 fewer teeth than those who never smoked. Conclusions: Pet ownership was not associated with improved oral health for older adults. Despite the lack of oral health protection, pet ownership provides companionship, reduces loneliness, and increases socialization among older adults.64 0Item Restricted Is Fatigue Associated with Oral Health Outcomes Among American Adults?(King's College London, 2024-08) Alotaibi, Abdulmajeed; Sabbah, WaelBackground: Fatigue is a frequent problem in the American adult population, affecting every aspect of health, from mental to physical wellbeing. Although the negative effects of fatigue on general health are well documented, little research has been identified that investigated its effect on oral health. Among the adverse consequences of fatigue, bad oral habits like neglecting oral hygiene and regular dental check-ups can lead directly to negative outcomes with individual’s teeth, such as tooth loss, tooth decay and periodontal disease. Fatigue is described as the subjective sense of not being able to accomplish a task efficiently owing to decreased effectiveness. Objective: This study examines the correlation between fatigue and oral health among US population. Method: Data were gathered from the 2015-2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), a cross-sectional survey of adults aged 18 and above. The Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) was used to assess and examine fatigue using a thoroughly validated assessment based on the Prime-MD diagnostic instrument. In NHANES, it is referred to as the Depression Screener Questionnaire (DPQ). The tooth count was established by clinical exams performed by qualified dentists. Logistic regression models were used to determine the relationship between tooth count and fatigue and adjusted for demographic characteristics, socioeconomic status, dental visits, multimorbidity and smoking status. Results: Of the 11,848 participants (mean age: 47.25 years), 52.94% experienced fatigue. The incidence of tooth loss was greater among individuals who reported being 3 fatigued. However, after accounting for demographic characteristics, socioeconomic status, mean poverty income ratio, and multimorbidity, the link between tooth loss and fatigue maintained its statistical significance (Odds Ratio ‘OR’ = 1.21, 95% Confidence Interval ‘CI’: 1.01-1.43). Model 3 found Participants who hadn't seen a dentist in over a year have more chance to experience fatigue (OR = 1.21, 95% CI: 1.04-1.39, p = 0.014). Conclusion: to conclude, having fewer teeth is linked to fatigue among American adults. To manage fatigue and its broader health effects, a multifaceted approach is needed, including regular dental care, reducing socioeconomic disparities, and assessing both physical and mental health. This integrated strategy can improve overall well-being and address the complex link between fatigue and oral health.14 0Item Restricted CAN THE DURATION OF BREASTFEEDING AFFECT ORAL HEALTH IN ADULTHOOD?(KING'S COLLEGE LONDON, 2024-08) Buali, Danah; Delgado-Angulo, ElsaBackground Breastfeeding is well-known to have numerous health benefits for both mother and child. An exceptional chance to investigate the relationship between the duration of breastfeeding and self-perceived oral health in a sizable, representative sample of UK adults is provided by the British Cohort Study (BCS70). Objectives This study aims to explore the relationship between breastfeeding duration and self-reported oral health at age 46 while accounting for various sociodemographic and lifestyle factors. The primary objective is to determine if breastfeeding duration has a significant impact on oral health outcomes in adulthood. Method This secondary analysis utilized data from the 1970 British Cohort Study (BCS70), which follows the lives of over 17,000 individuals born in the UK during a single week in April 1970. The study focuses on participants with complete data on breastfeeding duration, self-perceived oral health, and relevant covariates. Breastfeeding duration was categorized into three groups: never breastfed, breastfed for less than 1 month, and breastfed for 3 months or more. Self-rated oral health at age 46 was dichotomized into "good" (excellent, very good, good) and "poor" (fair, poor). Covariates included sex, demographic data, education level, and parental social class. Logistic regression models were employed to assess the association between breastfeeding duration and oral health outcomes. Results The analysis revealed no significant association between breastfeeding duration and self-reported oral health in adulthood. Despite the well-documented benefits of breastfeeding, the duration of breastfeeding did not appear to influence the self-perceived oral health of the participants at age 46. Other factors such as sex, social class, mother's education, father's social class, country of residence, and marital status.23 0Item Restricted Is root caries more likely to occur among older adults with multimorbidity?(KING'S COLLEGE LONDON, 2024) Alyamani, Saif; Sabbah, WaelBackground: Root caries, a prevalent dental condition in the older population, substantially impacts oral health and overall quality of life. It leads to tooth surface loss, pain, and increased risk of periodontal disease, affecting nutrition, psychological well-being, and social interactions. Effective prevention and management are crucial. Multimorbidity, is prevalent in older populations and can influence various health outcomes. The aim of this study is to examine the relationship between multimorbidity and root caries in older American adults. Methods: Utilizing data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2017-2020, this cross-sectional study focused on adults aged 60 years and older. The presence of root caries or root restoration was assessed through clinical dental examinations. Multimorbidity was identified by the existence of nine chronic diseases, namely, diabetes, asthma, cancer, heart attack, stroke, angina, chronic pulmonary disease, kidney diseases, and arthritis. Logistic regression models were used in this study to evaluate the association between multimorbidity and root caries, adjusting for sociodemographic factors, health behaviours, and dental care access. Results: Among the 2486 participants (mean age: 69.3 years), 23% had root caries, while 43% had multimorbidity (two or more conditions). Root caries prevalence was higher in individuals with multimorbidity. However, after adjusting for confounders, multimorbidity’s association with root caries did not show statistically significant results (OR = 1.02, 95% CI: 0.88-1.18). Significant associations were found between root caries and smoking (OR = 4.67 for current smokers vs. never smokers) and income to-poverty ratio, with lower ratios linked to higher root caries prevalence. Conclusion: While multimorbidity alone did not show a significant impact on root caries prevalence, lifestyle factors, particularly smoking and socioeconomic status, played critical roles. Addressing these modifiable risk factors and improving access to dental care are essential for enhancing oral health outcomes in older adults. Additional studies are required to investigate the intricate interactions of factors influencing oral health in this demographic.19 0Item Restricted Assessing Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices: The Role of Caregivers in the Oral Health of Adults with Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities(University of Rochester, 2024-05-17) Alqahtani, Nahar; Planerova, Adela; Abdul Basir, Barmak; Planerova, AdelaObjective: This study aims to investigate the influence of caregiver education on attitudes, beliefs, and knowledge regarding oral health care for individuals with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD). Methods: Employing a single-arm, prospective design, this research was conducted at the Eastman Institute for Oral Health, University of Rochester Medical Center, with 101 caregivers participating. Caregivers, fluent in English and involved in the oral care of adults with IDD for at least six months, completed a validated, self-administered questionnaire. The questionnaire assessed demographics, oral health knowledge, attitudes, and practices. Data analysis utilized SPSS ver. 21.0, applying the Chi-Square test, independent samples t-test, and ANOVA to explore correlations between caregiver demographics and oral health practices. Results: The study demographic comprised predominantly female caregivers (74.3%), with a significant portion having completed high school or less (67%). Key findings indicated a substantial association between caregivers' education levels and their oral health practices for individuals with IDD. Caregivers with a Bachelor's degree or higher demonstrated a higher likelihood of adhering to recommended oral health practices (p=0.018) and exhibited a deeper understanding of dental health factors. Barriers to effective oral care, including non-cooperative behavior from care recipients and limited resources, were identified, emphasizing the necessity of addressing these challenges through comprehensive strategies. Conclusion: Caregiver education is crucial in determining the quality of oral health care provided to individuals with IDD. This study underscores the need for targeted educational interventions and policy reforms to enhance caregivers' abilities and address existing care delivery challenges. By fostering an environment of informed, engaged caregiving, we can significantly improve oral health outcomes for adults with IDD, advocating for an interdisciplinary approach to achieve an inclusive healthcare ecosystem.23 0Item Restricted TRAJECTORIES OF SOCIAL MOBILITY AND ADULT SELF- RATED ORAL HEALTH(Saudi Digital Library, 2023) ALJUBAIR, REEM; Delgado-Angulo, ElsaAim: To characterise trajectories of social mobility from birth to middle adulthood and to assess the influence of these trajectories on adult self-rated oral health in British adults. Materials and Methods: This study was based on secondary data analysis from the 1970 British Cohort Study (BCS70). Follow-up data collections occurred when cohort members were aged 5, 10, 16, 26, 30, 34, 38, and 42 years. Social class was indicated by parental social class from birth to age 16 years (4 waves) and own occupation social class from ages 26 to 42 years (5 waves). At age 46 years, adult oral health was measured using a single global item on self-rated oral health. Sex, ethnicity, country and residence area were included as potential confounders during the analysis. Latent class growth analysis (LCGA) was employed to identify different trajectories of exposure to manual social class over time, as opposed to using predetermined categories. Results: In the crude model, stable non-manual social class had lower odds of poor oral health (OR: 0.642, 95% CI: 0.571-0.722), while steep decrease and stable manual classes had higher odds (OR: 1.343, 95% CI: 1.146-1.576 and OR: 1.611, 95% CI: 1.447-1.795). In the fully adjusted model, stable non-manual class had lower odds (OR: 0.622, 95% CI: 0.552-0.691), while steep decrease and stable manual classes had higher odds (OR: 1.222, 95% CI: 1.031-1.437 and OR: 1.471, 95% CI: 1.317-1.642). Being female was associated with lower odds (OR: 0.641, 95% CI: 0.586-0.701), and rural residence with lower odds (OR: 0.884, 95% CI: 0.798-0.979) of poor oral health. Conclusion: Social mobility trajectories have a significant impact on self-rated oral health in British adults. Downward social mobility is associated with poorer oral health, while upward social mobility may provide a protective effect.45 0