Saudi Cultural Missions Theses & Dissertations
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Item Restricted IDENTIFYING FACTORS THAT AFFECT SAUDI NURSES’ INTENTIONS TO REPORT MEDICATION ERRORS IN ARAR HOSPITALS(Saudi Digital Library, 2023-12) Aldughmi, Ohoud; Bobay, KathleenBackground: Medication errors are common health safety issues in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). To avoid medication errors, Saudi hospitals need to identify the causes of such errors and encourage nurses to report them. Currently, most Saudi nurses do not report errors due to the Saudi blaming culture and fear of reprisal. Therefore, Saudi nurses need a psychologically safe environment that encourages them to admit and report errors. Identifying Saudi nurses’ perceptions, attitudes, norms, behaviors, and intentions regarding reporting medication errors will help Saudi healthcare organizations to support and encourage a reporting culture. Purpose: The purpose of this study is to identify factors that affect the intention of Saudi nurses to report medication errors. Method: A quantitative cross-sectional online survey method was used for this study. The study population is Saudi registered nurses who were working at the time of the study in medical, surgical, and intensive care units at Prince Abdulaziz Bin Musaad Hospital and North Medical Tower in the city of Arar in the KSA. The survey used in this study includes a theory of planned behavior questionnaire, a psychological safety scale, and demographic questions. The data analysis employed descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation coefficients, and hierarchical multiple linear regression to assess significant predictors of reporting medication errors. Internal consistency reliability was tested for the scales. Results: The results of this study confirm that Saudi nurses in two Arar hospitals have moderate intentions to report medication errors. The findings demonstrate that the theory of planned behavior constructs (attitude toward behavior, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control) are significant predictors to explain Saudi nurses' intention to report medication errors. Psychological safety was not found to be a significant predictor in isolation, but it became a statistically significant predictor after interaction terms were added to the model. The interaction between attitude toward behavior and psychological safety was found to be negative and significant, but the interaction between subjective norms and psychological safety was found to be positive. The results indicated that the TPB survey had good reliability and internal consistency. Conclusions: The findings of this study may suggest that subjective norms and attitudes toward behavior are factors that should be assessed before implementing improvement interventions for reporting medication errors. However, further research with larger samples and various groups is necessary to determine significant predictors of Saudi nurses' intentions to report medication errors.37 0Item Restricted EVALUATION OF THE THEORY OF PLANNED BEHAVIOR TO DETERMINE PHYSICAL ACTIVITY IN SAUDI FEMALE ADOLESCENTS(ProQuest, 2023-07-27) Alali, Muna Ali H; Robbins, LorraineBackground and Significance: The significant increase in obesity rates among Saudi female adolescents is a major public health concern. The main factor linked to the high prevalence of obesity among Saudi female adolescents is that only 12.9% attain the World Health Organization (WHO) recommendation calling for 60 minutes/day of moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA). The low level of physical activity (PA) among Saudi female adolescents could be attributed to several psychosocial factors that stem from the culture and environment of Saudi Arabia. Understanding these factors is essential to effectively address the low PA problem and plan an intervention. Framework: The conceptual framework for this study was the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB). Purpose: The primary purpose of the cross-sectional study was to examine the relationship between self-reported PA and TPB psychosocial factors, including attitude toward PA, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control (PBC), and PA intention among Saudi female adolescents in the Eastern Region, Saudi Arabia. Sample: A convenience sample of 329 Saudi female adolescents’ (aged 13–18 years) was recruited from intermediate and high schools in the Eastern Region, Saudi Arabia. Methods: Adolescents from all-female public schools in the Eastern Region of Saudi Arabia were recruited. Administrators in each school sent a link to parents of the students to request parents’ consent for their daughters to participate. Eligible adolescents were asked to complete an online TPB questionnaire and Physical Activity Questionnaire for Adolescents (PAQ-A) via Qualtrics. SPSS was used to calculate descriptive statistics. Mplus was used to conduct Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). Results: The mean age of participants in the study was 15.7 years. Among participants, 14.2% were overweight and 7.3% were obese. Mean PA score was 1.8 (SD = 0.74), indicating low PA level. The structural model exhibited an acceptable fit to the data [x2(217) = 412.28, p < 0.001, RMSEA = .05 with 90% CI [.04-.06], CFI = .93, TLI = 0.92 SRMR= .0.05]. The model explained (53%) and (21%) of the variance in PA intention and PA, respectively. The strongest predictor of adolescents’ intention was attitude (B=0.43, p<.001) followed by PBC (B=0.36, p<.001). Moreover, the female adolescents’ attitude (B=0.17, p<0.01), and PBC (B=0.14, p<0.01) had significant indirect effects on self-reported PA through intention. Additionally, intention (B=0.40, p<0.001) had a direct effect on PA. The model did not support the indirect relationship of SN. However, the study found that SN moderated the intention-PA. The interaction effect was statistically significant (B=0.47, p<.01, 95% CI=0.15-0.78). Moreover, only father education had a significant negative relationship with PBC (B=-0.13, p<.05). Conclusions: The results suggest that attitude, PBC and PA intention are psychosocial factors that collectively tie with PA among Saudi female adolescents. The nuanced understanding derived from TPB-based modeling here can help in developing effective interventions to promote PA in these at-risk female adolescents. Implications: The findings demonstrate the significant contributions of TPB’s psychosocial factors in predicting PA intention and PA among Saudi female adolescents. These results provide needed information for nurses, health professionals, and researchers to develop and test a theory-based intervention to promote PA and reduce obesity-related diseases for Saudi female adolescents. Moreover, nurses can advocate for school policies targeted toward improving PA in order to prevent and decrease childhood obesity.20 0