The Relationship Between Work Schedule Flexibility, Nurses' Perceptions of Core Work Dimensions, and Absenteeism in Saudi Arabia

Abstract

Background: Nurse absenteeism is a critical issue impacting healthcare efficiency and patient outcomes. Factors such as rigid work schedules, high workload, and limited job autonomy contribute to absenteeism, particularly in high-stress environments like hospitals in Saudi Arabia. Aim: To examine the relationship between work schedule flexibility, core work dimensions, and absenteeism among nurses in Saudi Arabia. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional correlational study was conducted with 144 nurses from three major hospitals. Data were collected via the Work Schedule Flexibility Survey (WSFS), Job Diagnostic Survey (JDS), and an absenteeism questionnaire. Statistical tests included ANOVA, Pearson correlation, and multiple linear regression. Results: There was a significant positive relationship between job dimensions and absenteeism (r = 0.51, p < 0.01). Regression analysis revealed that job diagnostics explained 32% of absenteeism variance, with task identity as the strongest predictor (β = 0.38, p < 0.01). Conclusion: Enhancing job design and flexible scheduling could reduce nurse absenteeism and improve workforce stability and patient care outcomes.