The Therapeutic Use of Music by Occupational Therapists in Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Survey

Abstract

Abstract Background: Music has been used therapeutically for centuries, with increasing recognition of its benefits in healthcare, including occupational therapy. Despite growing global interest, research on the therapeutic use of music (tTUM) by occupational therapists remains limited, particularly in Saudi Arabia. Purpose of the study: To explore how occupational therapists utilize music in therapeutic settings, their perceptions of its benefits, and the barriers they face in implementation. Methodology: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among licensed occupational therapists in Saudi Arabia. The questionnaire assessed demographic information, frequency and purpose of music use, its perceived benefits, and the challenges. Quantitative data analysis was performed using IBM SPSS software version 26. Results: Among the 108 respondents, 35.2% reported incorporating music into their practice, primarily as preparation for an occupation (81.6%), an assisted occupation (34.2%), or as a main occupation activity (23.7%). Benefits cited included improved patient engagement, mood enhancement, and reduced anxiety. However, barriers such as a lack of formal training, limited access to resources, cultural considerations, and time constraints were identified as significant obstacles. Conclusion: While music is recognized as a valuable therapeutic tool, its integration into occupational therapy practice is inconsistent. Addressing the challenges through professional training and institutional support could enhance its adoption. Although this study focuses on occupational therapists in Saudi Arabia, the findings provide insights relevant to the global practice of occupational therapy. Future research should explore cultural influences, training needs, and best practices for implementing tTUM effectively. Keywords: Music therapy, Occupational therapy, Therapeutic use of music, Patient engagement, Music-based therapy