Determining the Level of Knowledge and Perception of Women in Saudi Arabia towards Preventive Measures of Communicable Diseases

Abstract

This study focuses on Saudi women's knowledge and perception of the context of preventing communicable diseases. Preventive measures are essential to minimising the global challenges posed by communicable diseases. Women's role as primary carers further emphasises the need to enhance their awareness for more effective disease control and improved health outcomes. The research objective is to determine women's knowledge and perceptions of preventive measures relating to communicable diseases. The limitations of qualitative studies in the existing literature highlight the significance of this research. The research methodology involves a secondary qualitative narrative review. It involves an examination of existing studies and the utilisation of the Health Belief Model (HBM) framework. Using a narrative synthesis method, six selected qualitative studies were combined. The results of this review using thematic analysis revealed three overarching themes. First, concerning women's knowledge, there is considerable variability in their understanding, making it challenging to generalise due to the limited availability of existing studies. Second, women's perceptions and beliefs are influenced by factors that impact their behaviour as regards preventive measures and are often shaped by cultural, religious, and societal pressures. Third, various factors, including cultural and religious norms, stigma, and healthcare access, shape women's knowledge and subsequently affect their behavior. Notably, women exhibit heightened awareness when exposed to accessible resources, informative campaigns, and supportive familial and social networks. Combining these themes sheds light on understanding women's knowledge and perceptions and their readiness to embrace preventive measures. The findings can assist with targeted interventions and public health policies to empower women, leading to healthier populations, a reduction in disease burden, and the preparation of women for any future pandemic. In conclusion, this secondary qualitative narrative review underscores the importance of determining women's knowledge and perceptions of communicable disease prevention. The insight gained from this research adds to the existing knowledge in this field. It helps the development of effective strategies that can positively impact women's wellbeing, aligning with the vision of a healthier society outlined in Saudi Vision 2030.