Evaluation Of The Benefits And Limitations Of Courtyard House Design In Saudi Arabia.

Abstract

This study aimed to develop efficient residential houses in Saudi Arabia, specifically in the Riyadh region where the culture is very strong and notable. Part of this project was to understand the designs of the traditional buildings of this region, to obtain inspiration from it in designing modern residential buildings that suit the environment and culture of the region, as well as reduce energy consumption. This project targets middle-income families, as they are the largest group in Saudi society. The Aim is to conduct primary research to understand the problems of the current houses and the requirements of the client to designing a house that in line with the Saudi culture and environment. The project analysed current studies in addition to conducting primary research. The primary research was carried out using the Google Forms program and was published to the targeted group who have been chosen randomly via the Internet. The results of this research were to identify the problems in the current houses and to know the requirements of the targeted group. Almost 80% of the people contributed in the primary research preferred having an inner courtyard in their homes. These studies showed that the main reason behind the current problems is that the designs used for residential buildings are Western designs. These designs were entered during the development period of Saudi Arabia after the discovery of oil, as houses were built by international companies with Western designs. The main problems in the existing houses were identified the lack of privacy in the open areas of the house, Lack of natural ventilation and sunlight. As a result of that, windows must be closed, and lights are switched on even during the day. Therefore, using air conditioning and lights are in need rising the energy consumption. In conclusion, a house with courtyard was designed, inspired by the traditional houses of the region. This design provides an open area with high privacy. On top of that, it allows sunlight and natural ventilation to enter all parts of the house without losing privacy. It contributes to lower energy consumption due to the use of natural sources in ventilation and lighting.