Unveiling Maternal Mental Health: Exploring the Perceptions and Practices of Mental Health Care for Pregnant and Postnatal Women in Kingdom of Saudi Arabia: A Mixed Methods Study
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Date
2024
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University of East Anglia
Abstract
Background: Mental health during pregnancy and the postpartum period is critical yet
often overlooked. In Saudi Arabia, cultural and societal norms significantly influence
perceptions and practices related to mental health and these are compounded in the context of
maternal mental health.
Objective: This thesis aimed to explore the knowledge, perceptions, and challenges faced
by women and healthcare providers (HCPs) regarding mental health during pregnancy and
postpartum in Hail, Saudi Arabia.
Methods: An embedded mixed-method design was used. Semi-structured interviews with
ten pregnant and postpartum women and ten HCPs. An online cross-sectional survey was
conducted with 349 HCPs to evaluate their knowledge of depression symptoms, risk factors,
and treatment options.
Results: Qualitative interviews revealed four major themes: Awareness and Education on
Maternal Mental Health, Stigma and Shame, Barriers to Accessibility, and Enhancing Maternal
Mental Health Care. Women's misconceptions and fears of stigma led to reluctance to seek
help. HCPs highlighted gaps in training and guidelines, with barriers including limited time and
inadequate mental health education. Quantitative results showed insufficient knowledge among
HCPs, with an average score of 8.62 out of 20 (44.86% correct). Knowledge was higher in
treatment (53%) compared to assessment (45.88%) and education (35.71%) domains.
Discussion: The integrated findings reveal gaps in knowledge and perceptions of
maternal mental health among both women and HCP. This study offers novel insights by
combining perspectives from both groups, uncovering underexplored cultural barriers and care
gaps. It highlights how cultural stigma, HCP training, and systemic issues impact Saudi
women’s perinatal and postnatal experiences.
Conclusion: This thesis provides new insights into maternal mental health issues in Saudi
Arabia, highlighting the need for targeted education, reduce stigma, and improved support
systems. Future research should explore socio-cultural interventions to address these gaps and
enhance care delivery
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Keywords
Maternal Mental Health, Mental Health, Pregnant, Postnatal, Mixed Methods Study, healthcare providers