Effect of blood and saliva on the compressive strength and solubility of three Calcium-Silicate based cements.

Abstract

Introduction: Apical microsurgery is one of the valuable treatment options in the endodontic field. One of the significant factors that evolved the outcome of apical microsurgery is the calcium- silicate-based cements (CSCs) as retrograde filling. These cements are believed to have high biocompatibility, stimulate hard tissue formation, and better sealing ability. However, the solubility and compressive strength of these cements are important characteristics to prevent bacterial leakage and apical periodontitis. Aim of this study: to evaluate the impact of blood and saliva contamination on the compressive strength and solubility of ProRoot MTA, Biodentine, and MTA Angelus compared to dry condition (no exposure to liquid). Materials and methods: 180 resin moulds were fabricated using a 3D printer. The materials were then condensed in the moulds and incubated for one week in 37 oC with 100% humidity. Each material was then divided into three subgroups (n=10) and exposed to blood, saliva, and dry conditions for one week. Compressive strength was tested using a Universal Testing Machine and the solubility using a weight scale to compare the weight before and after exposure. Results: Regardless of the exposure conditions, Biodentine had the highest compressive strength, followed by ProRoot MTA and MTA Angelus. The highest solubility rate was found in the MTA Angelus group, followed by Biodentine and ProRoot MTA. Saliva positively impacted all materials' compressive strength and solubility rate, with statistical differences compared to other exposure conditions. All materials did not favour the dry conditions as it negatively influenced their compressive strength and solubility. Conclusion: the findings of this study suggested that exposure to blood or saliva did not negatively impact the compressive strength and solubility of all tested materials. This indicated that these materials could maintain their properties even in the presence of oral fluids.