Key Psychosocial Experiences of Individuals with Limb Loss for Physiotherapists to Consider During Amputation and Prosthetic Rehabilitation: A Qualitative Synthesis Study

Abstract

Abstract Purpose: Amputation and prosthetic rehabilitation require a holistic, patient-centered approach that addresses physical, psychological, and social aspects. This paper focuses on the psychosocial experiences of people who have undergone lower limb amputation to support physiotherapists in enhancing the quality of care provided during rehabilitation. Materials and Methods: A qualitative synthesis of peer-reviewed studies exploring psychosocial adaptation to limb amputation was conducted. Ten qualitative studies published between 2018 and 2025 were included. Thematic analysis identified factors physiotherapists should consider during rehabilitation. Results: Five main themes emerged: (1) ‘Psychological distress and coping mechanisms’, highlighting the prevalence of depression, anxiety, and grief; (2) ‘Social adaptation and support systems’, emphasizing family and peer support, and community reintegration; (3) ‘Identity challenges and post-amputation adjustment’, illustrating struggles in self-identity and social roles; (4) ‘Patient-centered rehabilitation and motivation’, underscoring motivation, goal setting, and therapist engagement; and (5) ‘Challenges in transitioning to independent living’, identifying financial constraints, prosthetic access issues, and service gaps. Conclusions: Integrating psychological support, peer mentorship, and culturally informed rehabilitation into physiotherapy for individuals with limb loss is essential. Addressing psychosocial factors enhances rehabilitation and quality of life. This study recommends holistic rehabilitation strategies incorporating mental health interventions, patient empowerment, and equitable prosthetic and rehabilitation services access. Keywords: Lower limb amputation, psychosocial experiences, rehabilitation, physiotherapy, social support, psychological distress, prosthetic access, patient-centered care.