DIAGNOSTICS OF AERO GAS TURBINE USING OBSERVABILITY ANALYSIS

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The diagnostic analysis of a gas turbine engine is essential from a maintenance point view in order to be able detect degradation in any component of the engine. The early identification of engine component degradation allows the specialist to take any action necessary to retrieve optimal engine performance. In order to increase the accuracy of detecting and quantifying the level of degradation that occurs in any component of the engine, an appropriate set of measurements needs to be available. Therefore, prior to the diagnostic examination of the engine, having appropriate knowledge of the measurement parameters that are capable of producing a high accuracy level in the results is required. The methodology used in this study is based on observability analysis conducted on an aero gas turbine engine, the GE90-90B. The observability analysis follows a procedure used to select the best measurements that are capable of detecting degradation for both single and multiple components in the engine. The engine was modelled using Pythia software, which is used for design point and offperformance, design point adaptation and diagnostics. The procedure used for the selection of the best set of measurements consists of the classification of the measurement and the analysis of sensitivity, correlation, and component subsets. Three sets of measurement were used for the process of the diagnosis which were selected measurements, standard measurements and the component subset measurements for several component fault cases. Furthermore, in order to compare the accuracy of the detection of the fault for either single or multiple components, both non-linear GPA and root mean square (RMS) were used. The results of the diagnostic prove that the accuracy of detection of the fault using the standard set is low compared to the other two sets where the accuracy was high. The suggested solution is to consider the observability analysis prior to the selection of the standard set of sensors in order to satisfy the purpose of both control and the diagnosis of the engine.

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