Waste Management – A Comparative Review of the Effectiveness of the Methods Used for Treating Waste in the UK and Saudi Arabia

Abstract

This study aimed to comprehensively understand waste generation and management practices in Saudi Arabia and compare them to the United Kingdom. The objective was to establish connections between waste management approaches in both countries and highlight the importance of effective waste management for a sustainable environment. This study conducted a comprehensive desk study and thematic analysis of existing empirical research to evaluate the efficacy of waste treatment methods in Saudi Arabia and the United Kingdom. The primary objective was to emphasize the significance of effective waste management in preserving a sustainable environment. The study found out that efficient waste management plays a crucial role in minimizing waste generation, improving environmental conditions, and reducing water and energy consumption. Various sources contribute to waste production, including oil production, households, municipalities, electronics, and manufacturing processes, leading to air emissions, liquid discharge, and solid waste. To evaluate the environmental impacts of waste management strategies, the life cycle assessment methodology was employed. This approach considers liquid effluent treatment in dedicated plants, recycling of non-hazardous solid waste, and a comparison between incineration and landfill methods for managing hazardous solid waste. Implementing advanced landfill techniques can help mitigate the negative effects of waste. Addressing these challenges and transitioning to sustainable energy sources is crucial for the long-term economic and environmental sustainability of Saudi Arabia.