AN INTEGRATED GIS APPROACH FOR IDENTIFYING THE SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION OF HEALTH FACILITIES/HOSPITALS AND NEW HEALTH FACILITIES/HOSPITAL SITES IN RIYADH

Abstract

Over the past few years, Riyadh, the capital of Saudi Arabia, has undergone substantial urbanization and witnessed a notable surge in its population. This urban expansion has given rise to an increasing demand for critical amenities, particularly healthcare facilities, including hospitals. In response to this pressing issue, this research employs advanced Multicriteria Decision Analysis (MCDA) techniques as Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) to tackle the complex task of identifying suitable locations for establishing healthcare facilities, with a specific focus on hospitals, within the city of Riyadh. Leveraging the capabilities of Geographic Information System (GIS) technology, this study delves into an in-depth analysis of significant environmental, topographic, and geodemographic factors. The objective is to comprehensively assess the existing distribution of healthcare facilities within the city and subsequently propose strategically optimized hospital site locations. GIS plays a central role in the realm of spatial planning, serving as a powerful tool for equitable resource allocation while taking into account a multitude of influencing variables. The research begins by constructing a comprehensive geodatabase, integrating data pertaining to the current healthcare facilities present in Riyadh. Through a meticulous spatial analysis of the prevailing distribution of healthcare amenities, we engage in population density calculations to identify areas that are underserved. Our findings illuminate a direct positive correlation between population density and the presence of healthcare facilities, underscoring the pressing need for enhanced accessibility. A thorough suitability analysis is then undertaken, with a particular emphasis on identifying prime sites for the establishment of new healthcare facilities, particularly hospitals. Our results indicate that regions in the east, south, and central areas of Riyadh exhibit a notable deficit in terms of healthcare infrastructure. In summary, this research culminates in the creation of a detailed map that highlights the most suitable locations for the establishment of new healthcare facilities, including hospitals, within Riyadh city. By addressing the spatial distribution of healthcare facilities, this initiative aims to foster improved accessibility, bolster public welfare, and contribute significantly to the sustainable growth and development of Riyadh city, ultimately enhancing the quality of life for its residents. Keywords: MCDA, AHP, GIS spatial analysis, optimal site selection.