Factors Associated with Antihypertensive Adherence in Patients Attending A Specialist Hypertension Service

Abstract

Abstract This investigation explores the factors affecting antihypertensive medication adherence and focuses more on ADRs in patients receiving care at a dedicated hypertension clinic. Hypertension is a widespread health concern associated with significant cardiovascular implications, often necessitating pharmacological intervention. However, ADRs frequently compromise adherence to antihypertensive medications. This study is designed as a piece of secondary data analysis based on a cross-sectional study completed in 2021. The study utilized a quantitative research design. Data were collected by examining patient records, clinical assessments, and adherence monitoring, involving analysing pharmacy refill data and high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS) analysis of urine samples. The study population comprised adults aged 18 and older who were diagnosed with hypertension and undergoing treatment at University College Hospital in Galway, Ireland. The study found no statistically significant overall impact of ADRs on medication adherence, although the use of diuretics approached statistical significance with a p- value of 0.084. Approximately 75% of patients reported adherence, while only 27% were confirmed adherent through mass spectrometry, indicating a significant discrepancy between self-reported adherence and objective measures. The findings underscore the necessity for robust methods to monitor and enhance adherence, particularly through minimizing ADRs and providing patient support tailored to demographic characteristics. Healthcare providers can develop more effective strategies to manage hypertension and improve patient outcomes by understanding the specific factors that influence adherence. The study aims to inform targeted interventions to optimize adherence and ultimately enhance the efficacy of hypertension management. This research highlights the critical need for personalized approaches in managing antihypertensive therapy, considering the varied impact of ADRs across different patient groups. The insights gained from this study could guide future research and clinical practices to better support patients in adhering to their prescribed medication regimens, thereby reducing the burden of hypertension-related complications.