NICU Nurses’ knowledge and attitudes regarding neonatal jaundice; a systematic review

Abstract

Background Abstract Neonatal jaundice is a common yet potentially serious condition affecting newborns, with severe cases leading to kernicterus and long-term neurological complications if not managed appropriately. Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) nurses play a critical role in early detection and treatment. However, gaps in knowledge and variations in attitudes may impact timely and effective management. This systematic review examines NICU nurses' knowledge and attitudes regarding neonatal jaundice, focusing on quantitative studies and assessing the impact of educational interventions. Objectives This systematic review aims to: • Assess NICU nurses' knowledge of neonatal jaundice, including causes, risk factors, and management. • Explore attitudes toward neonatal jaundice and its treatment. • Examine the effectiveness of educational interventions in improving knowledge and attitudes. • Identify gaps affecting neonatal health outcomes. Search Strategy A comprehensive literature search was conducted using CINAHL, OVID, SAGE, and Google Scholar to identify quantitative studies published between 2014 and 2024. The Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) methodology guided the review, adhering to PRISMA guidelines for study selection. Results Eight quantitative studies (cross-sectional and quasi-experimental) were included. Findings revealed that while nurses had general awareness of neonatal jaundice, significant knowledge gaps persisted, particularly in differentiating physiological and pathological jaundice, bilirubin thresholds, and phototherapy practices. Attitudes toward early intervention varied due to resource limitations and misconceptions. Educational interventions significantly improved both knowledge and attitudes, but long-term knowledge retention remained a challenge. Conclusion Targeted educational interventions are essential to address knowledge gaps and improve attitudes among NICU nurses. Continuous professional development, hands-on training, and standardized protocols should be prioritized to enhance neonatal jaundice management. Future research should focus on longitudinal studies to assess the sustainability of educational interventions.