Colon Cancer Treatment using Proteins based Nanoparticles containing Curcumin as active molecule
| dc.contributor.advisor | Elaissari, Abdelhamid | |
| dc.contributor.author | Alrushaid, Noor | |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2025-12-24T10:41:32Z | |
| dc.date.issued | 2025 | |
| dc.description | One of the main illnesses that was identified in the early 20s was cancer. The International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) reports that the number of new cancer patients increases annually. There will be 1,958,310 new instances of cancer in 2023, and 609,820 cancer deaths are anticipated. In comparison to other leading causes of death, the cancer mortality rate fell by 1.5% in 2019 and 2020 despite the pandemic. This decline is estimated to have saved 3.8 million lives and resulted in a 33% overall decrease in cancer-related deaths since 1991. This success is progressively reflecting improvements in therapy, which are especially noticeable in the sharp decreases in mortality (about 2% per year from 2016 to 2020) for kidney, leukemia, and melanoma despite steady or rising incidence, as well as the faster declines for lung cancer. In conclusion, even if cancer death rates are still declining, future advancements may be impeded by the increasing occurrence of malignancies of the breast, prostate, and uterine corpus, which also happen to have the highest racial inequalities in mortality. ( Siegel, R. L.,2023) Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second cancer that leads to death every year. In 2023 around 153,020 were diagnosed with CRC and 52,550 died from the disease according to the National Center for Health Statistics. CRC develops and spreads to the lymph nodes and other organs very quickly. Despite the symptoms of this cancer, it is difficult to diagnose the cancer in the early stages. That makes the cancer treatment very difficult. Nanotechnology plays an important part in improving CRC treatment. ( Ghorbani, 2020) The mortality rates of cancer can be decreased by using a combination therapy approach where technology and biochemistry and pharmaceutical sciences are combined together. One of these methods is nanotherapeutics where drugs are delivered through nanoparticles. This technology has different designs such as drug encapsulation, nanocarrier, drug delivery, passive targeting, active targeting, nano-drug, and multimodal nano-drug. Cancer nanotherapeutics have great benefits for cancer treatment with a reduction of side effects on patients. Moreover, higher concentration of drugs can be delivered to the tumor site by nanoparticles while preventing the drug from building up in healthy tissue. There are also other benefits of using nano drug delivery systems such as better stability, less toxicity, increased permeability and retention impact, and accurate targeting. (ElKhawaga, 2023, Jafari, 2017) One strategy of nanotherapeutics that shows promise for the advancement of nanomedicine is nanoencapsulation. It includes delivering drugs or biomolecules quickly and precisely within cancer cells by using nanocarriers. With the use of contemporary drug encapsulation techniques, drug molecules may be efficiently loaded into nanocarriers, lowering the systemic toxicity of the drug. Additionally, nanoencapsulation has the potential to enhance the stability of bioactive ingredients in food by better controlling their release at the physiologically active site. Also, can shield drugs from early deterioration, enhancing their bloodstream stability. Emulsion solvent evaporation, nanoprecipitation, emulsion solvent diffusion, ethanol injection, ionic gelation, and other methods have also been employed for encapsulation. The primary pharmacological forms that may be produced using these methods are liposomes, nanospheres, microspheres, and nanocapsules. Nanoprecipitation appears to be the most straightforward and repeatable method of all. This makes it one of the methods for producing nanoparticles that is most often utilized. Using nanoprecipitation method drugs can be encapsulated using a variety of polymers. ( Timon-David, E.,2022) Encapsulation is one of the new methods that involves trapping one or more compounds inside a specific matrix. Bioactive food ingredients can be encapsulated using bovine serum albumin (BSA) , for example BSA can be used for variety of purposes like changing the taste of many of these substances, enhancing their stability over extended periods of storage, safeguarding their nutritional value under harsh processing conditions, enhancing their bioavailability, and maintaining their functions during digestion. BSA is a low-cost plasma protein that has been used as a matrix for nanoparticles. It contains several drug-binding sites, is nonimmunogenic, and degrades spontaneously. (Pandit, J.,,2016, Pateiro, M.,2021) The aim of the study is to investigate nanotherapeutics approaches for treating cancer cells with less toxicity. Specifically, this study examines the impact of the Curcumin on the CRC cells. Curcumin is one of the old herbs used for hundreds of years in many societies. Curcumin has anti-inflammatory and anticancer activities. Many studies found there are a lot of medicinal properties in curcumin. Turmeric helps suppress cellular signals of cancer cells resulting in their death and preventing their reproduction. Also, the activity of curcumin successfully targets multiple cancer cell lines such as lung and breast cancer. Nevertheless, there are several challenges, such as limited curcumin cellular absorption and low water solubility, which leads to low chemical stability and poor oral bioavailability. To improve the delivery of curcumin inside cancer cells, it has been shown that use of BSA improved the oral bioavailability and stability of curcumin (Fu et al., 2021, Hudson et al., 2018, Hani, U et al, 2023, Chen, Y.,2020). The first part of the review gives a big picture of the different kinds of nanoparticles used for cancer diagnosis and treatments. To understand the nanotechnology methods and how this technology can help and be involved in cancer therapy. Also, includes all conventional and nonconventional methods of cancer diagnosis via imagining technology. Then, review about CRC diagnosis and treatment. To give an image of this disease and discuss the stages and improvement, biomarkers, and treatments for this kind of cancer. The second part focuses on the preparation of BSA nanoparticles. The formulation of the BSA nanoparticle by using different ratios of solvent/ nonsolvent. The effect of the ratios on the morphology of particles. In addition, the characterization of nanoparticles. The third part is about encapsulating curcumin by using BSA. The effect of curcumin in BSA particles after encapsulation. Additionally, this study illustrates the anticancer activity on CRC cells and the toxicity of curcumin encapsulated using BSA. Also, compared the result in vitro to approve this with well-known chemotherapy. | |
| dc.description.abstract | The main idea of this study originated from an interest in using turmeric to treat cancer cells. Turmeric possesses chemical properties that limit its use as a drug, despite having many therapeutic properties and being one of the most important anti-cancer agents. However, poor water solubility and bioavailability in the body present challenges for its pharmaceutical applications. By utilizing nanoparticles to encapsulate curcumin, the study aimed to improve its effectiveness on cancer cells. In this study, BSA (Bovine Serum Albumin) nanoparticles were used to encapsulate curcumin for the treatment of colon cancer, with the goal of improving its solubility and stability, thus enhancing bioavailability. The nanoprecipitation method with organic media was employed to create this type of nanoparticle. Curcumin was dissolved in ethanol, and BSA in water. The BSA solution was gradually added to the curcumin solution to encapsulate the curcumin. The precipitation method, followed by solvent evaporation, was used for the concomitant encapsulation of the active ingredient (curcumin) and BSA nanoparticles. Various parameters were studied, and several ratios and concentrations were tested to determine the best characterization. Subsequently, the in vitro effects of the particles on cancer cells (using a colon cancer cell line) and normal cells were observed and compared with the results from a known chemotherapy (Cisplatin). Different concentrations of the prepared drug were also tested, and the results were compared. The results were very satisfactory and demonstrated the success of the treatment in killing cancer cells, while the effect on normal cells was not as significant as with chemical treatments. | |
| dc.format.extent | 201 | |
| dc.identifier.uri | https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14154/77688 | |
| dc.language.iso | en_US | |
| dc.publisher | Saudi Digital Library | |
| dc.subject | cancer treatment | |
| dc.subject | corcumine | |
| dc.subject | BSA | |
| dc.subject | Nanotechnology | |
| dc.subject | nanoprecipitation | |
| dc.title | Colon Cancer Treatment using Proteins based Nanoparticles containing Curcumin as active molecule | |
| dc.type | Thesis | |
| sdl.degree.department | Ecole Doctorale de Chimie de Lyon | |
| sdl.degree.discipline | NanoBioTechnolgie | |
| sdl.degree.grantor | L’UNIVERSITE CLAUDE BERNARD LYON 1 | |
| sdl.degree.name | Biotechnology |