The impact of foot reflexology on hemodynamic parameters in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting surgery: A systematic review

Abstract

Background Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting (CABG) is a common surgical procedure for managing coronary artery disease. Hemodynamic instability is one of the frequent concerns in patients before and after CABG, and can lead to serious complications. Reflexology, an integrative therapy, has been increasingly used in conjunction with conventional medical interventions. However, its effects on hemodynamic parameters in CABG patients have not been comprehensively explored. Methods A search of the electronic databases MEDLINE, CINAHL and Embase was conducted using predefined criteria. Relevant studies published from inception to January 2023 were included. Data were extracted, and methodological quality was assessed using appropriate Joanna Briggs Institute critical appraisal tools. Result The initial search identified a total of 154 studies, of which 4 met the inclusion criteria. The studies included were randomised controlled trials. The results revealed that reflexology interventions had a statistically significant effect. These effects were mainly observed in patients' blood pressure before CABG surgery and patients’ blood pressure, heart rate, respiratory rate, oxygen saturation and mean arterial pressure after CABG surgery. Conclusion The findings of the systematic review suggest that foot reflexology could have a beneficial effect on hemodynamic parameters in patients undergoing CABG. However, the heterogeneity of the included studies and variations in the reflexology protocols make it challenging to draw definitive conclusions. Based on the limitation of the review, a recommendation for further studies has been made: to provide strong evidence regarding the efficacy of reflexology as an integrative therapy for CABG patients care.