The Glass Ceiling and Beyond: Assessing the Influence of Stress Levels on The Health of Women in Leadership Roles in Saudi Arabia

Abstract

dc.description.abstract Prolonged stress due to gender-based challenges can lead to serious health issues, impacting cardiovascular health, immune systems, sleep patterns, and mental well-being. This thesis explores the intricate relationship between the glass ceiling effect, stress levels, and the health outcomes of women in leadership roles in Saudi Arabia. It adopted a systematic review of literature based on the PRISMA framework to identify common themes addressing the research problem. Systematic search and selection of sources resulted in 184 records screened, with only five studies meeting the eligibility criteria. All five studies were critically appraised using the JBI tool to avoid the risk of bias. Based on relevant findings, these studies employ Social Cognitive Theory, Feminism, and Gendered Organisations Theory to analyse the interplay of personal, societal, and organisational factors shaping women's experiences. Thematic analysis revealed that despite societal advancements, gender inequality persists, particularly in leadership positions, contributing to elevated stress levels among women professionals. KSA’s society still hold onto the conventional patriarchal beliefs and masculine systems that advances women challenges to break the glass ceiling, contributing to poor mental health. The findings underscore that despite the evolving landscape of women's rights in the workforce in other parts of the globe, gender discrimination remains a complex problem. Findings from this study provide practical implications to foster inclusive, supportive work environments that mitigate stress-related health disorders among women in leadership roles. In closing, by implementing these theories, organisations might potentially eliminate the barrier that prevents women from advancing in their careers, thereby supporting their progress, and having a favourable effect on their mental and physical health. Thus, it is essential to acknowledge and tackle these notions to promote gender equality and establish more inclusive work environments for women in leadership roles in Saudi Arabia.