The Role of Physical Activity in Reducing Falls and Fragility-Related Fall Risks in Sedentary Older Adults Aged 50-69

Abstract

Background: The risk of falling increases with advancing age and is a major health problem in older adults. As the risk increases so does instability, loss of balance and consequently injury in older populations aged over 50. This requires the introduction of new interventions to prevent further pressure on the NHS and health systems worldwide. Exercise has commonly been noted as a beneficial and cost-effective intervention to support improvements in fall risk in older adult populations. This study carried out a systematic review that thoroughly analysed multiple research studies to uncover optimal fall prevention techniques for individuals aged over 50. The assessment focused on how exercise therapies influence balance improvement and the reduction of fall risks within this aged group. Methods: Search methods: Electronic searches in PubMed, ScienceDirect and Google Scholar. Selection Criteria: Studies were required to focus on older adults or postmenopausal populations aged between 50-70 years who engaged in a physical activity intervention and were compared to either a comparator or control group. Data extraction and analysis: Seventeen studies were eligible for inclusion. Data extraction and risk of bias assessments were independently conducted by a reviewer. Data were collected regarding various components relating to the exercise interventions as well as the participant demographics which supported the collection of information regarding the effect of the interventions.