Mechanical Energy Harvesting from Random Pedestrian Movement

Abstract

This thesis presents a groundbreaking exploration into piezoelectric energy harvesting, culminating in the development of the "Alnuman & Khan Mat" (AKM), a novel energy-harvesting solution designed for high-footfall environments. Central to this research is the introduction of a predictive polynomial equation (the Alnuman equation), a significant contribution by the author, which serves as a cornerstone for future design and optimisation in the field. Commencing with an extensive review of current literature, the research identifies gaps in existing methodologies, setting the stage for innovative advancements. A key focus is the empirical investigation into the intrinsic and extrinsic properties of PZT-based structures, leading to a deeper understanding of their modal responses to random excitations. This exploration results in the AKM, an energy-harvesting mat optimised through iterative design processes, capable of efficiently converting kinetic energy from pedestrian movements into electrical energy. Experimental validation of the AKM demonstrates its efficacy, with the mat achieving a peak voltage output of approximately 25.72864 volts and a root mean square (RMS) voltage, at its highest in the series of experiments, of 3.0261 volts, . The Alnuman equation introduced by the author plays a pivotal role in accurately predicting the electrical output of energy-harvesting mats based on specific parameters. This equation, validated against experimental data, marks a significant theoretical advance, bridging the gap between theoretical understanding and practical application. The thesis contributes substantially to the field of sustainable energy, offering insights into material optimisation, empirical methodologies for modal responses, and the integration of theoretical and practical knowledge. Future work proposed includes exploring alternative piezoelectric materials, optimising mat design, implementing the AKM in urban spaces, and enhancing energy storage and management systems. Finally, this research not only enhances the current understanding of piezoelectric energy harvesting but also paves the way for future innovations in sustainable energy solutions, particularly in urban and high-footstep environments.