INVESTIGATING THE EXPRESSION OF CYCLIN D1 AND PAX5 IN THE LIVER OF DIABETIC RATS

Abstract

ABSTRACT

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by either insufficient insulin production by the pancreas or the inability of the body to effectively utilize the insulin produced, resulting in hyperglycemia (elevated blood glucose levels). The precise mechanisms underlying the onset and progression of diabetes remain unclear and require further investigation. This study aims to evaluate the expression of PAX5 and Cyclin D1 in the liver tissues of diabetic and non-diabetic control groups. An animal model of diabetes was established by administering alloxan at a dose of 120 mg/kg. Blood glucose levels were monitored daily, and a glucose level of ≥200 mg/dl was used to confirm diabetes. After one month, the experiment concluded, and all rats were sacrificed. Blood samples and liver tissues were collected and preserved in 10% formalin. Biochemical analyses, including glucose and lipid profiles, were conducted, alongside histological and immunohistochemical studies. The findings revealed a significant increase in blood glucose and lipid profile levels in the diabetic group compared to the control group. Histological analysis showed mild structural alterations in liver tissue. Immunohistochemical results demonstrated a significant upregulation of PAX5 and Cyclin D1 expression in the liver tissue of the diabetic group compared to controls. The observed overexpression of PAX5 and Cyclin D1 in diabetic liver tissue indicates a potential inflammatory role of hepatic tissue in the pathogenesis and progression of diabetes. These findings

suggest that PAX5 and Cyclin D1 could serve as key molecular markers in understanding diabetes- associated liver inflammation.

Keywords: Diabetes mellitus, Liver, Cyclin D1, PAX5, Type 1 Diabetes.