Challenges and Opportunities for a Paediatric Aerodigestive Programme in Saudi Arabia: A National Survey of Speech-Language Therapists’ Perspectives

Abstract

Abstract Background Feeding and swallowing difficulties are commonly presented in children with aerodigestive disorders. Managing the presentations and symptoms of these disorders requires coordinated care from many healthcare specialists, including speech-language therapists (SLTs), due to their interrelated nature. The need for such care led to the development of paediatric aerodigestive programmes (PAPs) across the United States. Evidence for the programmes’ effectiveness is promising but it is unknown if adapting PAPs to other countries will lead to similar outcomes. Currently, no comparable programmes exist in Saudi Arabia (SA) and the current care pathway for this population is not clear.

Aim This study explored the challenges and opportunities of delivering a paediatric aerodigestive programme in SA. The research questions were: (1) what are SLTs’ current practices and perceptions of paediatric aerodigestive care in SA? (2) what are SLTs’ perceptions of the barriers and facilitators associated with implementing a paediatric aerodigestive programme (PAP) in SA?

Materials and Procedures A web-based survey (Qualtrics) was designed and disseminated using a snowball sampling technique. Participants included SLTs working in SA who are part of the core team in the proposed programme. Data collection took place between February and April 2020.

Outcomes and Results Seventy-two SLTs responded to the survey. Respondents showed variable practices in paediatric aerodigestive care. The majority believed in the positive impact of implementing a PAP. The top three ranked barriers were: (1) a lack of experienced clinicians for paediatric patients with dysphagia; (2) non-availability of training and supervision in providing aerodigestive care; (3) lack of support from other teams. The top three facilitators were: (1) following an established guideline; (2) organisational support; (3) acknowledgement of each speciality’s role.

Conclusions and Implications This study contributes to a better understanding of factors influencing the implementation of a PAP in SA. Future research and actions were identified and will be required to facilitate a desirable change. By aiding the implementation of such a programme, the current research findings may improve SLTs practice and overall patients’ care in SA.