Assessing Feasibility and Preliminary Efficacy of a Nurse-Led, SMS-Supported Lifestyle Intervention for Preventing Type 2 Diabetes in Saudi Young Adults: A Pilot Randomised Controlled Trial.

Abstract

Background / General Context: Globally, the incidence of type 2 diabetes is rising rapidly, particularly among young adults (18-45 years), driven by lifestyle changes, obesity, physical inactivity, and prediabetes. As these trends continue, preventing diabetes has become a global health priority, given the long-term economic and social consequences. Research Problem / Gap: While evidence supports behavioral interventions for diabetes prevention, a gap remains in implementing sustainable and scalable models, particularly those that leverage nursing staff and integrate digital support within effective and integrated healthcare systems. Research Aim: This pilot study aims to evaluate the feasibility of a nurse-led, SMS-supported lifestyle intervention within the Medical Research Council (MRC) Framework for developing complex interventions, targeting young adults at risk of diabetes in Saudi Arabia. And seeks to explore facilitators and barriers to implementing this model. Proposed Methodology: The study will adopt a randomised controlled trial (RCT) design involving 100 young adults from primary healthcare centres. The intervention group will receive monthly personalised consultations from trained nurses, along with weekly SMS reminders, while the control group will receive routine care. Clinical and behavioral data will be collected and analysed to assess feasibility and preliminary effectiveness. Expected Significance: This study will offer practical insights into implementing a digitally supported nursing model for diabetes prevention. It will serve as groundwork for a future large-scale RCT and contribute to the global body of evidence on sustainable, context-appropriate preventive strategies.