Frequency Regulation in Smart Grids with DFIG-based Wind Farm and Energy Storage Systems

Abstract

Nowadays, the growing need for cleaner and more efficient energy has made the implementation of renewable energy systems into electrical grids inevitable. However, integrating these technologies introduces uncertainties in power generation, as they rely on environmental conditions, which may lead to imbalances between generation and consumption. As a result, the system frequency deviates from its nominal value, risking grid stability and impacting overall performance. This dissertation examines the effectiveness of using battery energy storage systems (BESSs) in smart grids with hybrid energy systems to control system frequency during abnormal conditions. A simulation model of an islanded power system was created using MATLAB Simulink, including synchronous generators, transformers, transmission lines, a doubly-fed induction generator (DFIG), and a BESS. Furthermore, a speed governor control system was integrated with the generators, and a voltage regulator was implemented in the BESS to ensure stable frequency regulation and keep the voltage within allowable ranges. To assess the performance of the system, sudden changes such as abrupt load connections and generator disconnections were applied. The results demonstrated that the BESS significantly improves the dynamic stability of the system by rapidly responding to abrupt changes.