Data-Driven Insights: Analysing Accidents Contributory Factors in the Oil and Gas Industry

Abstract

The oil and gas industry, a vital component of the global energy supply, is an industry with severe operational risks. The possibility of catastrophic accidents with severe impacts on human lives, the environment, and the economy, in spite of all technological advancements and stringent regulatory frameworks, still remains. This paper discusses the contributory factors of significant accidents in downstream facilities through an in-depth analysis of five major accidents: Husky Energy Superior Refinery Explosion, Philadelphia Energy Solutions Refinery Fire, ExxonMobil Torrance Refinery Explosion, Tesoro Anacortes Refinery Explosion, and Silver Eagle Refinery Flash Fire. The study begins by identifying the recurring factors of these accidents, how to address them, and how to systematically reduce their serious consequences to help prevent similar accidents. It employs the Sequential Timed Events Plotting (STEP) methodology for systematic analysis. By using this method, data structure will be organised in consistent and orderly manner which will make the reconstruction of the incident details and determining of the underlying factors possible. The findings highlight the recurring factors in these accidents, including inadequate maintenance and inspection, poor quality materials, shortage of safety training, poor response to emergencies, and vulnerabilities during non-standard operation hours. Additionally, the study offers evidence-based recommendations to enhance safety management practices such as improved corrosion monitoring, the use of higher-quality materials, comprehensive safety training, and the adoption of advanced analytical methods such as AI and Bayesian networks. The recommendations aim to address risks, enhance the operational integrity of the oil and gas industry, and foster a strong safety culture.