An Exploration of Occupational Therapists’ Understanding of Mental Health in Saudi Arabia: A Qualitative Investigation.

Abstract

Objectives: This study explores the understanding of mental health among occupational therapists in Saudi Arabia. The objectives of the research were to examine the professional and cultural factors that influence occupational therapists’ perceptions of mental health, to assess opportunities and challenges faced by occupational therapists working in mental health settings and to explore the perceived value and role of occupational therapy in mental health care in Saudi Arabia. Methodology: This study used an exploratory- descriptive qualitative approach. Data was collected through semi-structured interviews from eight occupational therapists practising in Saudi Arabia. The data was analysed using reflexive thematic analysis, a framework that facilitated identification and development of key themes. Findings: The findings were categorised into four main themes. Firstly, occupational therapists’ perceptions of mental health. The study revealed varying levels of understanding and awareness of mental health which attributed to lack of professional training in this area. Secondly, inadequacies in training and education showed the need for improved professional development opportunities in mental health among occupational therapists in Saudi Arabia. The third theme examined current challenges and cultural influences in that occupational therapists in Saudi Arabia face systematic barriers since there are no policies to support their role in mental health. They are challenges related to stigma surrounding mental health and limited collaboration between OTs and other healthcare professionals. The final theme centred on future perspectives and recommendations, where participants advocated for increased awareness of their role - occupational therapy in mental health situations. There is a need for policy reforms and integration of occupational therapy into mental health services through professional training. Conclusion: This study provides information on whether mental health has been integrated into occupational therapy in Saudi Arabia and examines the opportunities and challenges facing OT professionals working in the mental health field. The study highlights the importance of addressing challenges such as cultural and systematic barriers limiting the integration of metal health in OT and a need to enhance education opportunities promoting the role of occupational therapy in mental health. The findings of this study will inform future policies and research that will support the integration of mental health into occupational therapy.