Impact of GLP-1 Receptor Agonists on the Pharmacokinetics and Safety of Combination Oral Contraceptives in Women in reproductive age: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Abstract

Combination oral contraceptives (COCs) are widely used for contraception due to their high efficacy and convenience. They typically consist of estrogen and progestin, working synergistically to prevent ovulation and alter the endometrial lining. Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists, initially developed for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), have shown additional benefits in weight management and cardiovascular health. However, the potential pharmacokinetic interactions between GLP-1 receptor agonists and COCs remain inadequately explored, raising concerns about their concomitant use.