Investigation of Limitation of HAZOP Technique in Onshore and Offshore LNG Processing Units

Abstract

The Hazard and Operability (HAZOP) methodology, while prevalent in the process industries, possesses certain limitations that may hinder its efficacy, especially in high-risk contexts such as Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) processing facilities. This research aims to elucidate these limitations, which include significant demands on time and resources, reliance on the expertise of team members, and its qualitative framework that may inadequately address the quantitative risk evaluations essential for thorough risk management. To tackle these challenges, this study examines the implementation of HAZOP within both onshore and offshore LNG processing units. The objective is to propose modifications or alternative strategies that could improve the effectiveness of HAZOP, utilizing LNG as a case study to investigate potential improvements. Additionally, the research analyzes notable incidents, such as the Piper Alpha Disaster, the Texas City Refinery Explosion, and the Buncefield Incident, to underscore the urgent necessity for refining HAZOP methodologies in these critical environments. In general, the study emphasizes how crucial HAZOP is to guarantee the integrity and safety of LNG processing facilities and other process industries, and it promotes continual improvement and integration with other risk assessment methods aimed at maintaining high safety standards in the constantly changing industrial environment. e