SACM - Australia
Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://drepo.sdl.edu.sa/handle/20.500.14154/9648
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Item Restricted The Impact of Physical Activity and Dietary Quality on Academic Performance Among Undergraduate Paramedic Students(Saudi Digital Library, 2025) Alali, Abdullah; Bronwyn BeovichThis thesis investigated the relationship between physical activity, dietary quality, and academic performance among undergraduate paramedic students. It comprises a scoping review of existing literature on healthcare students and a cross-sectional study involving 116 Monash University paramedic students. While the review identified generally positive associations between healthy lifestyle behaviours and academic achievement, the cross-sectional study found no significant correlation between physical activity or overall diet quality and GPA, except for a significant association in the third quartile of diet quality. These findings highlight the complexity of academic performance determinants and the need for further research considering additional factors such as mental health, sleep, and stress.5 0Item Restricted GREP: A Blockchain-based System for Managing Real Estate Provenance and Ownership Certification(Saudi Digital Library, 2025) Abualhamayl, Abdullah Jameel; Hussain, Farookh KhadeerReal estate management is hindered by numerous challenges, as existing systems are inefficient and complex, leading to issues such as fraud, tampering, and unclear ownership histories. Blockchain technology has the potential to revolutionize real estate management by ensuring traceable, secure, transparent, and immutable records of property ownership and provenance. Despite its potential, there is no global platform for managing and tracing real estate provenance, nor reliable methods for proving ownership and shared ownership. This thesis proposes the Global Real Estate Platform (GREP), a hybrid blockchain-based system designed to manage real estate provenance and ownership certification. Using blockchain technology, including non-fungible tokens (NFTs) and fractional non-fungible tokens (fractional NFTs), GREP addresses these critical gaps. A nine-step systematic literature review was conducted to explore the integration of blockchain technologies in managing real estate transactions and ownership certification. This process provided valuable observations, implications, and recommendations based on the analysis. Additionally, it identified gaps in the literature, which led to the formulation of research questions and objectives. Building on this foundation, we present the development of GREP. This hybrid blockchain solution is designed to achieve the research objectives as follows: • Developing a reliable and global real estate platform for managing real estate provenance, which manages provenance data and access rights, enhances data authenticity, and maintains a balance between transparency, privacy, and accountability. • Developing a reliable method to prove ownership of real estate property, which incorporates NFTs to address inefficiencies, security vulnerabilities, and the variability of real estate transaction costs and time. • Developing a reliable method to prove shared ownership of real estate property, which involves utilizing fractional NFTs to effectively manage the creation, division, and transfer of a property’s ownership record to multiple parties. • Validating and evaluating the system to ensure its robustness and reliability, and developing a prototype to demonstrate its feasibility and effectiveness. Each research objective is addressed in both conceptual and practical terms, with thorough implementation, validation, and use case demonstrations, followed by system evaluation using relevant metrics. In addition to these scientific advancements, this research contributes to addressing challenges such as preventing fraud, including forged documentation and double selling, as well as undocumented land, particularly in rural and underdeveloped regions. Furthermore, it reduces costs, shortens transaction times, improves efficiency, and boosts consumer confidence and public trust. The research also opens new possibilities for future directions, such as serving as a secondary identifier and aiding international investors without prior data.9 0Item Restricted Individuals’ Acoustic Features and Heart Rate Patterns Reveal Team Differences in High-Stakes Collaborative Learning(Saudi Digital Library, 2025) Alshehri, Abeer Abdullah; Martinez-Maldonado, Roberto; Echeverria, Vanessa; Martinez-Maldonado, Roberto; Echeverria, VanessaEffective collaboration in high-stakes learning environments, such as nursing simulations, relies not only on verbal communication but also on internal states (e.g., stress and engagement), often reflected in both speech and physiological data. However, the relationship between acoustic speech features and physiological arousal remains underexplored in authentic, team-based scenarios. This study investigates how speech acoustics correlate with heart rate relative to baseline (HRrelative) during simulation-based learning in healthcare education. We analysed speech and physiological data from 50 team sessions (173 students), extracting GeMAPS features and aligning them with utterance-level HR data. Correlation and predictive models were applied across simulation phases and team performance levels. Results reveal that high-performing teams modulated speech features—such as pitch, articulation, and loudness—more consistently across phases, suggesting adaptive regulation under pressure. On the contrary, low-performing teams showed similar shifts, but with less structure and at later phases. These findings demonstrate the potential of multimodal data to reveal hidden patterns in teamwork. Speech–physiology dynamics could inform targeted feedback during debriefing, supporting communication and leadership training in healthcare education.6 0Item Restricted The Healthy End of Life Planning (HELP) Web App(Saudi Digital Library, 2025) ALshammari, Yosef Mohammed H; Scott, MannThe Healthy End of Life Planning (HELP) Web App is a full-stack, accessible platform designed to assess and improve individuals’ death literacy through a personalized quiz experience. Built using the modern MERN stack (MongoDB, Express, React, Node.js), it features: • A responsive, public-facing quiz with conditional logic and Likert-style responses • A secure admin portal to manage quiz content, view submissions, analyze SEAK domain scores (Skills, Experience, Action, Knowledge), and export data • User role management supporting Public Users, Authenticated Users, and Admins/Researchers with protected route access • Accessibility considerations for older adults, including large fonts, intuitive navigation, and mobile responsiveness • Optional AI-powered feedback integration (using OpenAI) for enhanced personalization and insights The system is designed for future extensibility and supports research, policy planning, and end-of-life literacy campaigns.40 0Item Restricted An Evaluation of Machine Learning and Deep Learning for Time Series Forecasting(Saudi Digital Library, 2025-08) Gadhi, Adel; Shelton, PeirisThis thesis investigates the use of machine learning and hybrid models to forecast time series data such as climate patterns, oil prices, Australian beer production, and sunspot activity. It examines traditional models like ARIMA and GARCH, as well as machine learning methods such as SVR, LSTM, RF, and DT, which better capture non-linear and complex relationships. The study also evaluates hybrid models like ARIMA-ANN and GARMA-LSTM, which consistently demonstrate superior forecasting accuracy across various datasets. The GARMA-LSTM model, in particular, proves effective for long-term forecasting, especially with sunspot and beer production data. Finally, the thesis applies an advanced deep learning system, WGAN-GP, to financial and climate data, showing that modern methods can move beyond classical assumptions and better capture complex, high-order dynamics.9 0Item Restricted Investigation of Thin Al2O3 Films Grown by Atomic Layer Deposition (ALD) on TiO2 substrate(Flinders University, 2025) Alrashdi, Fahad Fraih Alzabni; Andersson, Gunther GAbstract Atomic layer deposition (ALD) is a feasible method for thin film deposition which allows the formation of a thin film of metal oxides on the various substrates. The film deposition is carried out in a vacuum reactor using chemical precursors (typically gases) which can react with the surface in a self-limiting manner. Each cycle in the ALD process can, in theory, form a monolayer of the desired metal oxide. Because the monolayer is deposited in each cycle, the thickness of the resulting film is related to the number of ALD cycles. In this thesis, the deposition of thin film Al2O¬3 on TiO2 nanoparticles by ALD was investigated. The main goal was to investigate whether Al2O¬3 can coat the inside of the pores of a porous TiO2 substrates or not. To obtain the answer, the chemical composition of the sample surface was studied using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The initial X-ray photoelectron survey scan spectrum for each individual sample was recorded, followed by the high-resolution scans for the elements of interest. Moreover, the morphology of substrate after Al2O3 deposition by ALD was also examined using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). In one experiment, four samples of Al2O3 on TiO2 substrate were prepared. Three of these samples were mixed, redissolved in ethanol, and redeposited on to a new silicon wafer. This was labelled as the redeposited sample. While the other one sample was labelled as the reference sample. The relative intensity of Al/Ti from all samples were calculated. It was found that Al2O3 intensity decreases. This result suggests that the diffusion of Al2O3 to porous structure of the substrate did occur.11 0Item Restricted Accounting and Accountability in Resource Risk Management Control Systems: What Can Public Health Care Environments Learn From the COVID-19 Pandemic?(RMIT University, 2024) Gundah, Yasser Saeed Ali; Khan, TehminaThe COVID-19 pandemic presented unprecedented global challenges, significantly affecting healthcare sectors worldwide and raising profound concerns about preparedness for future crises. The outbreak placed substantial strain on health systems, often revealing critical inadequacies in resources, governance and existing management control and accountability mechanisms, leading to service disruptions and exacerbating societal inequalities. This highlighted the complexity of managing resources and risks during systemic health emergencies and underscored the urgent need for more resilient, equitable and accountable approaches within global health governance. This thesis critically examines the interplay of resource allocation mechanisms, risk management control systems (RMCS) and accountability mechanisms within major international health organisations (IHOs) and associated public health systems during the 2019–2024 pandemic period. Employing a critical realist philosophical stance, the research utilises qualitative content analysis of 620 publicly available documents from ten key IHOs. The research identifies critical resource risks, evaluates management strategies and examines the role and limitations of specific non-financial and financial accounting and control tools employed within RMCS during the pandemic response. Contingency theory and resource dependence theory serve as primary analytical lenses for the interpretation of the context-dependency of system effectiveness and the management of crucial external resource dependencies. The research finds that traditional RMCS and accounting frameworks—often siloed, reactive and focused primarily on financial controls—proved insufficient for the systemic, interconnected and dynamic nature of the pandemic crisis. The central argument derived from the synthesised findings is that achieving effective pandemic resilience demands a fundamental paradigm shift towards RMCS and associated management accounting systems and control practices that are simultaneously anticipatory—embedding equity considerations and systemic risk analysis into pre-crisis planning—and dynamically adaptive—enabling transparent, accountable and stakeholder-responsive decision-making during crises to mitigate fragmentation and injustice. This study contributes an empirically grounded, theoretically informed analysis of the complex interplay between risks, strategies and control tools in global health emergencies. It offers critical insights for the development of more integrated, adaptive and equitable RMCS for future pandemic preparedness and response.76 0Item Restricted Environmental Sustainability in Coca Cola(Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology (RMIT), 2025) Bakoban, Aseel; Lucy, LunevichEnvironmental conservation is a critical challenge for companies operating in the manufacturing sector. The problem is experienced by all manufacturing companies regardless of their location, especially those who are producing beverages due to the nature of raw materials required to make such products. Coca-Cola is one of the largest multinational corporations that is leading in plastic pollution and carbon emissions in the world. The company’s large size and presence in many parts of the world has resulted in devastating environmental impacts in many countries. Coca-Cola sells 1.9 billion liters of beverages in more than 200 countries daily. Besides water consumption, Coca-Cola is also facing sustainability issues in its packaging material. It is worth noting that the company mainly relies on plastic packaging which is the major contributor of littering in landfills and water bodies. Low recycling rates have contributed to high level of plastic pollution by Coca-Cola. Being one of the top producers of plastics in the world, the company contributes a great share to 8 million plastic bottles that are found in marine environment. Break Free From Plastic has ranked the company as a top contributor of plastic pollution for many consecutive years. Coca-Cola has a made a significant step in environmental sustainability through the 100% plant-based bottle innovation. Since the release of this sustainable packaging in 2023, the company has managed to reduce plastic pollution and environmental degradation in areas that serve beverages contained in plant-based bottles (Coca-Cola, 2023, p. 2). The main advantage of using bioplastics is that it reduces the pressure of extracting virgin materials or fossil fuels. When the company no longer needs petrochemical materials, environmental degradation from mining activities reduces. However, the innovation presents many challenges to Coca-Cola due to the nature of materials used to make plant-based bottles. Unlike traditional plastic bottles that are strong, durable and provides protection during transportation, plant-based bottles cannot withstand the logistics of transport and environmental conditions during storage and transportation. Recycling of packaging materials can be easy or complex depending on the nature of the packaging. Even though a circular economy can help Coca-Cola to become more environmentally sustainable, it depends on the material. Some research studies claim that complex materials consume more energy during recycling, thus, reducing the efficiency of a circular economy.29 0Item Restricted Digitalization in Orphan Care Administration: Guidelines, Challenges, and Critical Success Factors An Interpretive Study(University of Technology Sydney, 2025-05) Alamri, Ziyad Mohammed; Pradhan, SojenDigitalization is an emerging approach in public and nonprofit sector administration. It aims to enhance operational efficiency, streamline administrative tasks, and improve the overall quality of services. As orphan care centers in Saudi Arabia attempt to modernize their management systems, there is a growing need to provide practical digitalization guidelines. These guidelines can assist institutions in transitioning from traditional practices to digitally supported operations. To gain a thorough understanding of digitalization in orphan care administration, the issue must be examined from multiple perspectives, focusing on the following questions: A) How can orphan care centers effectively adopt digitalization?; B) What are the challenges that may hinder this transition?; C) What strategies can address these challenges?; and D) What are the key success factors that support a smooth and ethical digitalization? In response to these gaps in understanding, a qualitative interpretive multi-case study is proposed. The research includes a set of semi-structured interviews with stakeholders from various orphan care institutions. Insights drawn from these interviews inform a set of digitalization guidelines tailored to the unique administrative and ethical needs of orphan care. These guidelines address key elements such as gradual implementation, staff training, ethical data management, and the integration of digital tools without compromising humancentered care. The study not only identifies the administrative and cultural challenges of digitalization in orphan care but also proposes actionable strategies to overcome them. Based on the findings, the most common challenges include resistance to change, financial constraints, data privacy concerns, and the potential loss of human interaction in service delivery. Furthermore, the research highlights critical success factors such as leadership support, stakeholder involvement, sustainable planning, and continuous evaluation. These factors are essential to achieving successful digitalization while maintaining the quality and humanity of orphan care services. This study provides a valuable contribution to the academic literature and practical field. It offers evidence-based guidelines and highlights both the potential and limitations of digitalization in orphan care administration, paving the way for more efficient and compassionate service delivery.19 0Item Restricted A COMPOSITE REACTIVE FILTER MEDIA FOR HEAVY METALS REMOVAL FROM SOIL BY ELECTROKINETIC PROCESS(University Technology Sydney, 2025) Hamdi, Faris; Altaee, AliElectrokinetic (EK) is an effective technique for electrochemical remediation of low-permeability soils. It involves applying a low-intensity direct current to mobilize soluble chemical species and soil pore solution. EK has been proposed for in-situ soil remediation to reduce excavation and hazardous exposure. However, the precipitation of heavy metals near the cathode in alkaline conditions remains a challenge. To enhance heavy metal removal, reactive filter media (RFM) and enhancement agents are employed, facilitating adsorption and resource recovery. This study explored combining industrial iron slag waste with organic waste materials (activated carbon, tea waste, and sawdust) as RFMs to improve the performance of the EK process. Iron slag offers high heavy metal adsorption but struggles to control alkaline pH near the cathode. Blending iron slag with organic materials improved metal ions adsorption and pH control while recycling the anolyte solution eliminated the need for acids to neutralize the cathode’s alkaline front. Experiments conducted at 20 mA for 2-3 weeks demonstrated that coupling iron slag-activated carbon RFMs with EK increased copper removal from 3.11% to 23%, reaching 93.45% with anolyte recirculation and longer treatment. Testing a mixture of heavy metals showed 81.1% copper, 89.04% nickel, and 92.31% zinc removal after 3 weeks. Enhanced nickel and zinc removal was attributed to higher solubility compared to copper. Recyclable RFMs composed of powder iron slag/black tea waste (PIS/BTW) and granular iron slag/black tea waste (GIS/BTW) were tested. PIS/BTW outperformed GIS/BTW, achieving 98.75% copper removal versus 90.06%. For a heavy metals mixture in kaolinite soil, copper, nickel, and zinc removal reached 97.15%, 98.30%, and 96.68% after 4 weeks, while natural soil results were lower due to environmental complexity. Additionally, incorporating sawdust crosslinked with glutaraldehyde and iron slag into RFMs improved copper removal, achieving 97.92% in kaolinite soil at 0.18 kWh/kg specific energy. In natural soil, copper, nickel, and zinc removal reached 26.72%, 54.36%, and 56.44% after 5 weeks. The variability between kaolinite and natural soils highlights the challenges of applying laboratory findings to field conditions. This dissertation demonstrates that eco-friendly, recyclable RFMs can significantly optimize EK remediation, offering a sustainable solution for heavy metal contamination in soils.20 0