SACM - United Kingdom
Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://drepo.sdl.edu.sa/handle/20.500.14154/9667
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Item Restricted Sustainable Wildlife Tourism in Saudi Arabia(Saudi Digital Library, 2024) Aldughaishem, Abdulrhman; Philip, RylandThis study explores the opportunities and challenges of developing sustainable wildlife tourism in Saudi Arabia, a country known for its rich biodiversity and unique ecosystems. The research underscores the importance of economic benefits such as job creation and revenue generation in enhancing tourist satisfaction, aligning with Saudi Arabia's Vision 2030 objectives of economic diversification. However, the study also highlights significant environmental concerns, including habitat disruption and pollution, which pose challenges to the long-term sustainability of wildlife tourism. The effectiveness of current regulatory frameworks is questioned, suggesting a need for stronger enforcement and policy refinement. Community involvement emerges as a crucial factor, positively influencing both economic and social benefits. The study concludes with recommendations for enhancing environmental regulations, promoting community-based tourism, and fostering public-private partnerships. Additionally, it calls for future research to focus on the long-term impacts of tourism, broader geographic studies, and the effects of climate change on wildlife tourism in Saudi Arabia. These insights aim to guide policymakers, industry stakeholders, and researchers in developing a sustainable wildlife tourism sector that supports economic growth while preserving natural resources and enhancing community well-being.14 0Item Restricted Sustainable Waste Management of Date Palm Fronds in Saudi Arabia: Pyrolysis-Derived Biochar Integration into Construction Materials for Carbon Sequestration(Saudi Digital Library, 2024-09) Shaiban, Saad; Scott, BanksThis study focuses on integrating biochar derived from date palm fronds into cement production in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (KSA), to optimise carbon sequestration (CCS) and reduce carbon emissions. Employing a mixed-method approach, the research combines quantitative Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) using SimaPro software with qualitative sustainability analysis through the Bioeconomy Sustainability Indicator Model (BSIM) and Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) indicators. Phase 1 compares the environmental impact of traditional open combustion versus pyrolysis for biochar production, revealing that pyrolysis significantly reduces carbon emissions from 3.5 tons CO₂-equivalent per ton of waste to 646 kg CO₂-equivalent. This substantial reduction supports Riyadh's climate goals and aligns with KSA’s Vision 2030 sustainability objectives. Phase 2 evaluates the integration of biochar into cement mortar, showing that a 20% substitution of cement with biochar reduces emissions by 24.81 kg CO₂-equivalent per ton of mortar, potentially saving up to 1,796 million tons of CO₂-equivalent annually based on current cement production levels. The sustainability analysis using BSIM highlights benefits such as job creation and economic growth while identifying transportation logistics risks and production efficiency risks. Additionally, the study assesses contributions to SDGs, particularly in climate action, sustainable cities, and responsible consumption and production. The study recommends optimising the supply chain, investing in advanced pyrolysis technology, and supporting market development through policy incentives. Future research should focus on the long-term performance of biochar, explore additional applications in agriculture and water treatment, and further integrate biochar into sustainable construction practices. This research provides valuable insights for advancing sustainable waste management and construction practices in Riyadh, contributing to climate action and supporting regional and global sustainability efforts.23 0Item Restricted A systematic Review of the Consequences of Parents’ Divorce and Challenges of Raising Children between Saudi Arabia and the United Kingdom(Bangor University, 2024) Qahtani, Wasmmih Nayef; Margiad, WilliamsAbstract Purpose: The objective of this study is to assess the emotional, psychological, and social effects of parental divorce on children in the United Kingdom and Saudi Arabia as well as the challenges parents face in parenting after divorce in the two cultures. Methodology: A pragmatic research paradigm was adopted for conducting a systematic review. Literature relevant to the project was then identified, screened, and assessed in line with the PRISMA framework. The approach was a mixed-methods one, using qualitative findings, and supported with quantitative data. The assessment of key themes was conducted through narrative analysis. Results: The children in the UK brought up in an emotionally expressive climate have significant emotional and behavioural issues post-divorce. Saudi children, especially girls, however, are taught to suppress emotions as a cultural norm. Co-parenting challenges are different, with UK laws favouring shared custody but lacking emotional safeguards, and Saudi laws favouring paternal custody and limiting involvement. Conclusion: The experiences children have after a divorce are shaped by cultural values and legal systems and therefore need context specific support strategies. Keywords: Divorce, children, co-parenting, UK, Saudi Arabia, culture, emotional impact11 0Item Restricted How Does Judicial Control Impact the Enforcement of Articles 5 and 6 of Saudi Arabia's Competition Law: A Legal and Institutional Analysis(Saudi Digital Library, 2024) Mansouri, Ahmad; Grzejdziak, LukaszWith an emphasis on anti-competitive agreements and abuse of dominance, this dissertation investigates the function of judicial control in upholding Articles 5 and 6 of Saudi Arabia's Competition Law. The study examines the relationship between the judiciary and the General Authority for Competition's regulatory enforcement procedures. The study uses institutional critique, case law review, and doctrinal analysis to assess how well judicial oversight preserves fair competition in Saudi marketplaces. It also considers the impact of Sharia law, which molds Saudi Arabia's legal environment, and how it interacts with contemporary competition laws. The research identifies key challenges in judicial control, including the presumption of validity of administrative decisions, the complexity of competition cases, and the limited transparency in GAC decision-making processes. The study finds that while judicial oversight is an essential check on the GAC’s authority, the current enforcement framework could benefit from reforms to increase transparency, improve the separation of powers within the GAC, and enhance judicial expertise in competition law. Recommendations are provided to strengthen the alignment between Sharia principles and modern competition law, ensuring fairness and efficiency in enforcement. This dissertation contributes to the broader understanding of how judicial control can ensure accountability in enforcing competition laws while navigating the dual demands of modern le-gal practices and traditional Islamic principles.3 0Item Restricted A Web Content Analysis of Saudi Arabia’s Health Education Websites, Promotion, and Physical Activity: A quantitative evaluation of the accuracy, transparency, readability, navigability of the internet-based information and materials about cardiovascular diseases websites in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.(Saudi Digital Library, 2022-03-15) ALBEHIJI, AFNAN; DR JANICE LEWISBackground Inadequate information, education and awareness concerning CVD are the reasons for the limited availability of CVD screening and management resources (WHO, 2021). The ability to access reliable CVD information online can help inform patient decisions regarding treatment and improve early detection rates. It is important to ensure that websites contain valid and reliable information about CVD. Research on the quality of the information provided by CVD websites in Saudi Arabia is limited, which is the research gap this study addresses. Aim To evaluate the accuracy, transparency, readability, and navigability of English-language websites that provide CVD information to patients in Saudi Arabia through quantitative research. Method The research method adopted in this study is a quantitative evaluation of 40 websites obtained from the first three pages of Google, Yahoo, and Bing. This study employed a screening tool as a questionnaire to collect data that was later analysed and presented using tables, charts, and descriptive statistics. Findings The .com domain websites were the most frequent (n=12) (30%) closely followed by those with a. med domain (n=11) (27.5%). Analysis of Accuracy score revealed that (n=26) websites had a score of zero, while (n=9) websites scored 72.72%, (n=1) website scored 31.81%, (n=1) website scored 18.18% and (n=1) website scored 4.54%, (n=2) websites scored 36.36%. Overall, 70% (n=28) of sample websites indicated transparency greater than 70%. All 40 websites analysed were found to have good navigability in finding information related to CVD. The readability results highlight the average text level of the sampled websites is “easy”. Conclusion and Recommendation The study showed fluctuating levels of accuracy, transparency, readability, and navigability among the sample websites. Health professionals should have visibility into the latest websites with the highest standards to ensure patient decisions will be more informed and improved overall outcomes. This research also provided information that can be utilised to guide policymakers and stakeholders in Saudi Arabia in accordance with the Kingdom’s Vision 2030 strategic development plan.10 0Item Restricted BARRIERS AND OPPORTUNITIES IN IMPLEMENTING ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENTS FOR MEGA PROJECTS: THE CASE OF NEOM(Saudi Digital Library, 2024-12-12) Alfaqiri, Abdulaziz; Dunning, RichardEnvironmental Impact Assessments (EIAs) is useful in ensuring that mega projects like NEOM, a pioneering urban development initiative in Saudi Arabia, are sustainable and environmentally responsible. Given the unprecedented scale, complexity, and ambition of NEOM, conventional EIA methodologies are often insufficient to address the unique environmental challenges posed by such a large-scale project. This paper explores innovative strategies to enhance the EIA process in NEOM, focusing on the adoption of a phased EIA approach, the establishment of robust regulatory and policy frameworks, and the implementation of a digital environmental monitoring system.17 0Item Restricted Addressing risk, challenges, and solutions in Megaprojects: A case study of Neom Smart City in Saudi Arabia(leeds beckett university, 2024) Alluqmani, Waleed Salem; Omotayo, TemitopeNeom Smart City is designed as a high-tech city with sustainable living and renewable energy sources such as solar power and autonomous transportation systems. The City aims to become an attractive destination for talents and investment Mega Projects are more common in the 21st century due to global population growth, urbanisation, and technological innovation that requires the establishment of big projects. The aim of this research is to focus on risks, challenges, and solutions that may occur at the Neom Smart City project in KSA, and provide insights for the effective management of megaprojects. A positivist philosophy and a deductive research approach was used in this research. The overarching methodology was quantitative. The data-gathering procedure involved questionnaire instruments. The sample involved twenty participants including project managers, while the data analysis technique used was descriptive and inferential statistics using SPSS and crucial ethical considerations were confidentiality and informed consent. Descriptive analysis of the findings have revealed that the participants perceived financial risks to be the most important concerns, followed by legal and construction risks. The result from the study also shows poor planning, political failures, and the lack of high-performing teams were the most significant contributor to the failure of megaprojects. The inferential statistics have revealed that there is a significant positive correlation between design risks and legal risks, contractual risks, construction risks and operational management risks. Financial risks are linked to construction risks, political risks, and leadership risks. Empirically, financial risks are influenced by contractual risks, poor leadership, and poor planning. The outcomes also suggest that stakeholder collaboration has a statistically significant impact on construction risks.10 0Item Restricted ASDLAF: An Innovative Framework for Adopting Learning Applications for Adults with Autism Spectrum Disorder in Saudi Arabia(University of Sussex, 2024) Almazni, Yahya; Natalia, BeloffBackground: Learning tools have been recognized as an effective approach to enhance the skills of individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) who face interaction, social and communication challenges. Relevant studies highlight that most of the ASD learning applications (LAs) are designed for children, but few investigate tools designed specifically for adults. Additionally, studies show that many applications are developed for the Western users which lack Arabic language support. Saudi Vision 2030 emphasises enhancing the quality of life including through digital transformation, which presents a promising opportunity to address the discussed challenges by investigating the factors that impact the adoption of ASD LAs. Aims and Objectives: The study aims at investigating the intention of the Saudi adults with ASD to use LAs by exploring the current challenges and barriers they face and identifying the most influential factors that impact the adoption of ASD LAs. These factors focus on three elements––technological, cultural and pedagogical which shape the ASD users’ engagement with LAs. To achieve this, the ASDLAF framework was developed to evaluate the 16 factors to assess the unique needs of ASD individuals. The thesis also captures the perspectives of the ASD caregivers who work closely with this population. Methods: This study employs a mixed-methods approach combining the quantitative (surveys) and qualitative (semi-structured interviews) methods. In the quantitative phase, a structured survey was distributed among ASD individuals gathering date from 412 respondents. Prior to the analysis, the validity and reliability of the survey instrument were assessed using SPSS software to ensure accurate analysis results. The descriptive analysis was conducted to provide an overview of the data gathered, which was followed by conducting the statistical analysis, aiming at assessing the significance of each factor within the ASDLAF framework. After that, 12 semi-structured interviews were conducted with ASD caregivers and experts to understand their perspectives into the adoption of ASD LAs. By integrating quantitative and qualitative data, the thesis was able to provide valuable recommendation and insights. Results: The results of this study reveal that ASD LAs are in their infancy within the Saudi context, though a significant intention to adopt exists among ASD individuals. The findings also provide insights into the factors that most influence LAs adoption by highlighting the key aspects such as usability, accessibility, privacy and motivation, which positively impact the adoption intention. Recommendations based on these insights aim to guide LA developers and caregivers in designing and assessing technological tools. Additionally, they offer valuable insights for policymakers focused on enhancing the quality of life of ASD individuals.15 0Item Restricted The Resource Curse, Religious Practices and Household Behaviour: Evidence from Petroleum-rich & Selected Islamic Countries(University of Sussex, 2024) Alghanmi, Amal; Reilly, BarryThis thesis focuses on two main topics. The first relates to the resource curse, and the second is linked to the seasonality of prices during Ramadan. The first chapter examines whether oil revenues influence demographic outcomes in oil exporting countries with weak institutional quality, emphasizing the role of institutional quality as a mechanism. Our hypothesis is that an abundance of oil revenues in a weakly institutionalized country adversely impacts demographic outcomes through inadequate provision of public health services. Our dataset covers 2000-2017, allowing us to test this hypothesis using a large country panel data. Weak support is found for our hypothesis regarding infant mortality using a country specific fixed effects estimation approach. Nevertheless, oil wealth has a very mild impact on other demographic indicators in countries with weak governance. The second chapter explores the seasonal dynamics of local consumer prices with religious traditions. Specifically, this paper examines how Ramadan affects seasonal food prices. The case study in this chapter is based on the Kingdom of Saudi i Arabia since it is the centre of Islam. Ramadan is the ninth month in the Hijri calendar, and it is a month of fasting from sunrise to sunset for healthy Muslims. As a result, the daily meal schedule, frequency, and composition of meals change. It is hypothesized that Ramadan will impact food and non-food demand in Saudi Arabia during that month. This chapter analyses data for 24 food items, 8 non-food items, and 7 paid services. By treating seasonal effects deterministically, we can estimate the effect of Ramadan on commodities prices using OLS. We measure the intensity of Ramadan using both Hijri and Gregorian calendars. Results emphasize the unique nature of consumer behaviour during Ramadan. The third chapter extends the second but with a broader emphasis including more countries. In this chapter, we assess Ramadan's impact on the rise of food prices locally and globally. Unlike other price seasonality studies focusing on one commodity globally, this study analyses global market seasonality across a broad range of commodities. Furthermore, a major objective of this study is to investigate how Ramadan affects local market prices in selected Asian and African countries with diverse religious affiliations. We hypothesize that Ramadan will positively affect the prices of food commodities, and the extent of the impacts depends on the nature of the local and global markets. Our analysis shows that Ramadan has no long-term impact on global commodity prices. When positive Ramadan effects are detected locally, their magnitude is found to be very modest, thus suggesting Ramadan effects are not systematically present in local market commodity prices.11 0Item Restricted The Compensatory Principles and Provisions in Relation to Medical Harm in Saudi Arabia(University of Sussex, 2024) Alotaibi,Gadah; Davies, Mark; Ghouri, Ahmad; Griffiths, DanielleBasing its legal system on Islamic law, the prevailing view in Saudi Arabia is that the provision of healthcare is an obligation of the state. For this obligation to be fulfilled, it is essential that the compensation process for medical harm and negligence is fair and transparent. However, defects exist in the contemporary medical compensation system in Saudi Arabia, and these have not previously been explored. Consequently, this thesis investigates the Saudi compensation system for medical harm and negligence, with a view to proposing legal and procedural reforms that will ensure fair compensation. To achieve this goal, the thesis analyses the principles of compensation in Islamic theory through an in-depth analysis of the provisions of the Quran, Hadith, and existing literature. In addition, the thesis analyses and critiques the findings of a qualitative empirical study, wherein semi-structured interviews were conducted with doctors and lawyers in Saudi Arabia to examine the compensation system in practice. The findings reveal defects arising from the practical application of the compensation system, due to the ambiguity of the medical negligence concept, the rate of compensation, and the current timescales and procedures for litigation. Consequently, improvements to the Saudi compensation system are recommended. Specifically, based on the research results, Article 34 of the Saudi compensation law should indicate the type of harm covered under the compensation system, and its Article 40 should propose the timeline and procedures for the compensation process.18 0