SACM - United Kingdom
Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://drepo.sdl.edu.sa/handle/20.500.14154/9667
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Item Restricted User engagement and satisfaction , Customer Satisfaction and Efficiency in Automated Last-Mile Delivery Systems: A Survey-Based Study.(Saudi Digital Library, 2025) Abu khamees, Rahaf; Rastani, SinaThis study aimed to examine the determinants of public acceptance of automated last-mile delivery (ALMD) technologies in the United Kingdom and Saudi Arabia. To address this aim, the study investigated how demographic characteristics (age and residential area), national context, and perceptions of risks and benefits (privacy, trust, safety, job loss, efficiency, and sustainability) shape willingness to adopt ALMD. A quantitative, cross-sectional survey was conducted with 203 participants, using quota-based sampling to enhance representativeness across both countries. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics, Mann–Whitney U tests, Kruskal–Wallis tests, and Spearman’s rank-order correlations in SPSS. Descriptive analysis indicated that participants were predominantly young, digitally literate, and experienced with traditional parcel delivery, with only a minority reporting prior use of automated methods. Cross-national comparisons revealed no significant differences between UK and Saudi respondents, suggesting convergence of public attitudes across contexts. Based on correlation analysis, the study identified that trust, efficiency, and emissions reduction were the strongest predictors of acceptance. By contrast, age, residential area, and concerns over safety, privacy, and job loss did not significantly reduce willingness to adopt ALMD. Notably, job-loss concern and privacy awareness were sometimes positively associated with openness to adoption, indicating that risks may coexist with acceptance rather than act as barriers. The findings highlight the importance of building trust, demonstrating efficiency gains, and communicating tangible environmental benefits to encourage adoption. This study leaves several gaps that future work should address through longitudinal and qualitative approaches, as well as broader cross-cultural sampling, to capture evolving public attitudes toward ALMD.4 0Item Restricted Agarwood Quality Classification in the Middle East: A Mixed-Methods Study of Social, Sensory, and Data-Driven Insights(Saudi Digital Library, 2025) AlSalem, Fatmah; Bembibre, CeciliaThis dissertation investigates the classification of agarwood quality in the Middle East, focusing on the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries, where oud holds profound cultural, religious, and economic value. The market lacks a unified formal grading system leading to multiple discrepan- cies. Employing a mixed-methods approach, the study first conducted a sensory panel to gain relative consumer insight. Composed of both Middle Eastern and non-Middle Eastern participants, the panel revealed how quality perception varies among non-experts. Next, semantic analysis of cultural discourse was extracted from social media that was then used to design a contextualized two-layer grading system; finally, that framework was applied on an e-commerce dataset of oud products, whereby an optimized Random Forest model leveraging TF-IDF classified quality grades using textual descriptions with 90.5% accuracy. This demonstrates how efficient machine learn- ing can effectively approximate sensory and cultural judgment from text data alone. The research concludes that digital platforms are repositories of cultural knowledge, anticipating that such frame- works can provide transparent, standardized, and scalable agarwood classification—channelling tradition and innovation for a fairer, more sustainable oud market in the region.15 0Item Restricted Sustainability in Mega-Infrastructure Projects: Pathways to Achieving Net Zero Emissions in London.(Saudi Digital Library, 2025) Alharbi, Fahad Saleh; Albarazi, RanaSustainability has become a critical priority in mega-infrastructure projects as the United Kingdom aims to achieve net-zero carbon emissions by 2050. This research investigates the role of engineering management practices in enhancing sustainability and supporting net-zero emission objectives within UK mega-infrastructure projects. A quantitative research approach was adopted based on positivist philosophy, using structured survey questionnaires distributed to infrastructure professionals. A total of 42 responses were collected, with 20 valid responses used for statistical analysis. The findings indicate that engineering management practices such as energy efficiency measures, lifecycle assessment, stakeholder engagement, and collaboration with environmental agencies contribute positively to sustainability outcomes. However, advanced technical solutions such as carbon capture, renewable energy integration, and low-carbon materials are not yet widely implemented. The study also identifies key implementation barriers, including regulatory coordination challenges, resource allocation conflicts, stakeholder management issues, and technical limitations. This research contributes to the existing body of knowledge by providing empirical evidence on the relationship between engineering management practices and sustainability performance in mega-infrastructure projects. An evidence-based framework is proposed to guide practitioners and policymakers in improving sustainability outcomes through early design integration, effective stakeholder coordination, and the use of digital tools. Despite limitations related to sample size and geographic focus, the findings offer valuable insights for future research and practical implementation aimed at achieving net-zero emissions in large-scale infrastructure development.15 0Item Restricted Cold chain logistics: analyse how Almarai company in Saudi Arabia manages temperature-sensitive logistics for dairy and food products(Saudi Digital Library, 2025) Aljuaid, Muhannad; Agca, AhmetBackground: This research aims to critically assess cold chain logistics for Almarai Company in managing their temperature-sensitive logistics for transporting food and dairy products in Saudi Arabia. Method: The research adopts a systematic literature review (SLR) guided by specific inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data from 33 relevant studies were analysed through thematic analysis to identify patterns, themes, and gaps, ensuring transparency, validity, and reliability throughout. Findings: Findings reveal cold chain logistics as essential for food safety and quality, influenced by infrastructure, workforce skills, technology adoption, climate, and regulations. Almarai faces high costs, infrastructural gaps, and technological limitations. Effective improvement measures include adopting IoT and RFID systems, workforce training, regulatory support, and infrastructure investment, ensuring sustainability and resilience. Recommendations: The study recommends Almarai enhance technological integration, particularly IoT-enabled monitoring, strengthen workforce training programs, and collaborate with government bodies to improve infrastructure and regulations. Strategic investment in sustainable and energy-efficient cold logistics is vital. Partnerships with logistics firms and adoption of green practices will strengthen operational resilience, compliance, and long-term competitiveness.30 0Item Restricted GREEN SUPPLY CHAIN STRATEGIES IN THE OIL INDUSTRY: ASYSTEMATIC LITERATURE REVIEW APPROACH(Saudi Digital Library, 2025) Badeui, Mataz Amen; Hadeed, ReemThe research aims to identify and analyse current green supply chain strategies used in the oil industry, along with the opportunities that enable their implementation and the challenges that hinder their effectiveness. This systematic literature review focuses on identifying and analysing green supply chain strategies (GSCM) within the oil industry. The research incorporates journal articles with ABS 4 and 3-star standards according to the ABS ranking 2021. Additionally, it includes industry reports that clearly discuss practices, implementation ideas, supporters, and obstacles in GSCM for the oil sector. The research follows the interpretivism paradigm, qualitative design, and systematic data collection using PRISMA. Thematic analysis has been used for analysing the collected information. Analysis shows that technology integration, governance compliance, and human resource management are key strategies followed by businesses as part of their green supply chain process. Findings also reflect that there are multiple internal and external aspects that support the implementation of the green supply chain process. It has been identified that businesses are facing multiple challenges while implementing the green supply chain process. These resistance factors operate together or individually based on the business structure11 0Item Restricted Circular Supply Chain Management. A Review and Bibliometric Analysis(Saudi Digital Library, 2025) Aljuhany, Yara; Carnell, JackThe transition toward circular economy (CE) practices positions circular supply chain management (CSCM) as a strategic means to reduce environmental impacts, boost resource efficiency, and promote economic growth that’s sustainable over the long term. Despite an ever-expanding body of literature on CSCM, the field remains diverse and fragmented while lacking a thorough overview of its intellectual structure, thematic development, and new research frontiers. This study reflects a bibliometric analysis of 544 peer-reviewed journal articles retrieved from the Scopus database using the Bibliometrix R-package (via the Biblioshiny interface) as well as VOSviewer software to map the scientific CSCM research landscape in a systematic way. More granularly, the analysis digs into publication trends, influential authors, high-impact journals, and top institutions making their mark on CSCM evolution. Co-authorship and country collaboration networks were examined to uncover patterns of scholarly cooperation, while keyword co-occurrence and thematic mapping were employed to identify dominant research themes and emerging areas of interest. The results reveal a steady increase in CSCM publications over the last decade, with particular emphasis on reverse logistics, closed-loop supply chains, sustainability performance, and digital innovation. The study pinpoints influential scholars, institutions, and publications that have shaped CSCM evolution to a significant degree and thus give valuable insight into both its theoretical foundation and practical applications. One key finding is the emergence of key research clusters showing how to strategically blend CE principles into supply chain management practices and thus shift from traditional linear models toward closed-loop systems: ones prioritising resource efficiency, waste minimisation, and value recovery across the entire product life cycle. Notably, the analysis reveals growing academic attention given to the alignment of CSCM with environmental strategy and the deployment of Industry 4.0 technologies such as blockchain, artificial intelligence, and IoT. These digital tools are enabling new levels of transparency, traceability, and operational efficiency, all recognised as critical enablers for scaling circular practices within global supply chains.19 0Item Restricted Hydrogen Supply Chain Transitions: A Literature Review of Socio-Technical Challenges and Policy Gaps(Saudi Digital Library, 2025) Almelaifi, Mazen; Yazdani, NahidHydrogen is increasingly becoming a vital strategy for global decarbonisation with the potential to reduce the high carbon emissions in different sectors such as heavy industry and transportation. However, the scalability of hydrogen supply chains (HSCs) remains uncertain and is obstructed by ongoing technical, institutional and social challenges. This dissertation investigates socio-technical barriers and policy gaps that slow hydrogen transition process and how to improve governance and coordination A systematic literature review was carried out under PRISMA 2020, identifying 56 peer-reviewed studies published between 2020 and 2025. Studies were sourced from five databases, including Scopus, Web of Science, IEEE Xplore, and NUsearch. Data extraction and thematic synthesis methods identify studies across social, technical and policy aspects. The findings show the gap in the advancement of the technological aspect compared to other aspects. Despite that hydrogen has high production costs, low efficiency and limited infrastructure readiness. Governance and policy gaps consisting of fragmented institutions, regulatory uncertainty, and weak integration across sectors are barriers to hydrogen deployment. Research found social acceptance to be conditional, influenced by legitimacy, trust, safety, fairness and local resistance. Solutions involved national strategies, regulatory clarity, inclusive stakeholder engagement and adaptive governance mechanisms. The study's contribution to the literature is about systematically mapping socio-technical and policy gaps and identifying some underexplored areas of legitimacy, equity, and stakeholder engagement. This study highlights the Global North bias in the findings, and scaling hydrogen requires technological optimisation alongside bridging the governance and social gaps.16 0Item Restricted Assessing the Effectiveness of Saudi Environmental Awareness Week: Evaluating Its Impact on Pro-Environmental and Sustainable Behaviour, and Exploring Strategies for Improvement(Saudi Digital Library, 2025) Alsubaie, Mohammed; Dallison, RichardIn Saudi Arabia, the annual Saudi Environmental Awareness Week (SEAW) was established to foster public engagement in sustainability. However, a notable research gap exists concerning the empirical evaluation of such campaigns within this unique socio-cultural context. This study provides the first assessment of SEAW of its kind, aiming to evaluate its impact on environmental knowledge and pro-environmental behaviour, and to identify the key determinants that support or hinder sustainable actions among its participants. Adopting a pragmatic philosophy, this research employs a mixed-methods design, utilising a cross-sectional online survey with a retrospective pre-post self-assessment. The survey, completed by 100 participants of SEAW 2025, included quantitative scales and open-ended questions. Data are analysed using paired-samples t-tests, hierarchical multiple regression, and thematic analysis. SEAW is found to be highly effective in achieving its primary educational goal, with a large and statistically significant increase in self-reported environmental knowledge (p < .001). However, pro-environmental behaviour was not significantly predicted by psychosocial factors but was most strongly associated with the availability of sustainable options (β = .219, p = .053). This highlights a significant ‘intention-infrastructure gap’, where participants' motivation to act is constrained by external, structural barriers. Qualitative analysis further illuminated this gap, revealing forceful participant frustration with infrastructural deficits and economic penalties. Concurrently, the analysis identified potent, culturally specific motivators, such as the alignment of environmentalism with Islamic values (khilāfa), and a clear public desire for future campaigns to be more practical, systemic, and culturally resonant. iv While SEAW successfully builds a cognitive foundation for change, its ultimate impact is blunted by a prohibitive enabling environment. Future environmental initiatives in Saudi Arabia must evolve beyond information dissemination to focus on dismantling structural barriers and leveraging unique cultural and religious frameworks to translate awareness into sustained, meaningful action.8 0Item Restricted Sustainable Urban Planning and Liveability in Al Madinah Al Munawwara, Saudi Arabia: Assessing the Impact on Quality of Life(Saudi Digital Library, 2025) Alharthi, Nahed Saad; Cox, SavannahThis dissertation evaluates liveability and sustainability in Almadinah through a systems approach that links urban form, mobility, public space, environment, and governance to outcomes in daily life. The purpose is to translate strategy into delivery by building a practical indicator portfolio and a clear route from evidence to priorities, targets, responsibilities, and monitoring at neighbourhood and city scales. The study uses a combination of primary and secondary data. Primary data were collected through an online bilingual survey. The survey gathered perceptions on accessibility, comfort, shade, public space, cleanliness, safety, awareness of sustainability initiatives, and preparedness for environmental events. Secondary data included official government documents, planning reports, and academic sources that provided contextual information and supported the interpretation of the survey findings. The collected responses were analysed using descriptive statistical methods to identify key patterns and relationships reflecting liveability and sustainability within the city. Findings indicate that accessibility, comfort, shade, cleanliness, and safety are the strongest influences on how residents and regular users perceive liveability in Almadinah. Survey responses show that satisfaction is highest with accessibility and safety, while the lowest ratings relate to shade availability and environmental comfort. Awareness of sustainability initiatives and preparedness for environmental risks were moderate, suggesting room for improvement in public communication and engagement. Secondary data from official planning and sustainability reports confirm these perceptions, highlighting the ongoing efforts toward improved mobility, public space enhancement, and environmental resilience under Vision 2030 programmes. Key strengths include strategic direction, ongoing infrastructure investments, and a growing focus on data driven planning. Gaps remain in the continuity of shaded pedestrian routes, consistency in neighbourhood level maintenance, and public awareness of sustainability and risk management. Priority actions include expanding shaded walkways, strengthening connectivity between neighbourhood centres, improving greenery and environmental comfort, and maintaining transparent data systems that support effective monitoring and decision making. The dissertation provides an applied framework that combines resident perceptions with official planning evidence to assess and enhance liveability and sustainability in Almadinah. The approach is grounded in local context and demonstrates how integrating community feedback with government priorities can guide practical urban improvements. It supports implementable actions that city agencies can maintain over time to strengthen accessibility, comfort, environmental quality, and overall urban resilience.23 0Item Restricted Assessing the Societal Impact of Using Green Energy Technologies in Smart City Projects of KSA(Saudi Digital Library, 2025) Alotaibi, Yazeed; Volpe, RobertoThe project focuses on the societal impact of Green Energy Technologies (GETs) in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). The data has been collected through a Questionnaire Survey to address the research objectives. The project used descriptive analysis to present quantitative findings using SPSS. The data analysis based on 60 samples found that the people of KSA are in favour of using GETs in order to save the environment, raise living standards and development of the country. A total of 88% respondents agreed that GETs can improve productivity, economic growth and social health in the country. The study has also proven that GETs are crucial for society's well-being, as about 86% study population agreed. Moreover, the project outcome is in favour of using GETs in the country. On the other hand, there are still a few people who think that GETs can have some negative impacts on society, which could be a potential hurdle in the way of using GETs. The study recommends that the government and relevant stakeholders should provide more guidance and awareness to society on GETs.70 0