SACM - United Kingdom
Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://drepo.sdl.edu.sa/handle/20.500.14154/9667
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Item Restricted Evaluating the thermal impact of built environment surfaces on urban trees for achieving maximum cooling performance in the school's car parking and walkways in the UK and Saudi Arabia.(University of Reading, 2024-04) Aldosary, Nada; Shao, Li; Vahdati, MariaDuring heatwaves built, urban areas can easily overheat, which can put peoples health at risk or require expensive mechanical air conditioning. However, greener areas remain several degrees colder and powerful in reducing the heat island effect and provide thermal comfort. Urban greening proposed to be an approach to mitigating health consequences resulting from climate change increased temperatures and heatwaves (Bowler, et al., 2010). Built environment surfaces usually contribute to increasing local climate temperatures, and this research would investigate the impact of built environment surfaces temperatures such as walkways in streets and parking, on urban trees thermal performance. Before something can be managed, it should be measured as a first step. Urban tree thermal effect is one of the essential indicators of green infrastructure quality. On the city scale, one of the biggest challenges of green infrastructure is how to deal with severe heat waves by improving healthy growth and prosperity and improving the cooling performance of urban trees. Particularly walkways and parking areas, where urban heat island radiated. Those areas where impervious surfaces are increasing with urban expansion. This research intends to enrich the decision-making process specifically architects, in improving the pavement surface materials used in schools and built environments to tackle climate change challenges in summer, particularly heat waves. The purpose of this research is to examine the impact of built environment surfaces temperatures on the urban tree cooling potentials and in turn, its impact on urban microclimate in the UK and KSA hot climate. This research examines and assesses the relationship between the surfaces of urban built environments and the cooling potential of green spaces and trees in urban areas. A total of 18 experimental case studies have been conducted to assess the impact of heatwaves and climate change on urban trees in both British and Saudi contexts. These studies also examined the effects of construction materials used around trees in schools, walkways, and car parking areas on the thermal performance of the trees. A comprehensive statistical analysis has been conducted to assess the overall influence of construction materials on trees in urban environments in both the UK and Saudi Arabia. The findings reveal that the impact of construction materials temperature on urban trees is significant, and the effect in Saudi Arabia is more substantial than it in UK. This variation could be attributed to the decrease in relative humidity and the increase in air temperature. Consequently, climate change may result in a similar outcome in the UK, as a result of more extensive heatwaves over the summer.18 0Item Restricted The impact of climate change on international security(Birkbeck University, 2023-12-01) Albader, Abdulaziz; Colas, AlexClimate change has brought significant changes to the environment, causing a shift in weather patterns. The resultant effect is the displacement of people from their homes due to natural disasters such as floods, hurricanes, and droughts. Climate-induced migration is on the rise globally, with millions of people displaced annually. Addressing climate change displacement requires a comprehensive approach that focuses on both mitigating its effects and addressing the root causes. Food security is a critical aspect of human welfare that is highly influenced by various factors, including climate change. Climate change can lead to food insecurity, which affects the livelihoods and well-being of millions of people globally. Food insecurity remains a significant challenge globally and is exacerbated by climate change. The recommended strategies, such as improving agricultural practices and technologies, promoting sustainable land use practices, encouraging crop diversification and livestock farming, and enhancing access to financial services for smallholder farmers, offer practical solutions towards mitigating its effects. The impacts of climate change on water security are numerous. Precipitation pattern changes can alter the timing and amount of surface runoff into streams and reduce available groundwater replenishment periods. Political tensions related to climate change represent a pressing issue that requires urgent and comprehensive action from governments and other stakeholders. Economic disparities due to climate change refer to the uneven distribution of benefits and costs brought about by changing weather patterns.20 0Item Restricted What factors influence automotive consumers' behaviour regarding climate change government policies and regulations?(The University of Warwick, 2023-12-06) Bin-Eidan, Rasha; Eubanks, DawnAccording to Jaguar Land Rover (2023) in United Kingdom, a survey was conducted on 234 participants shows that clients are taking sustainable actions and nearly three quarter of the market is insulating their homes to save energy. This research study investigates the factors influencing consumers’ behaviour in the automotive industry, with a particular focus on the impact of climate change government policies and regulations. The objectives of the study include identifying these factors, understanding barriers that limit consumers’ behaviour, and analysing the relationship between culture, government policies, and automotive consumers' behaviour in the United Kingdom. Data collection involved semi-structured interviews with managers from Jaguar Land Rover in the UK. The study finds that factors such as consumer awareness of environmental issues, personal values, and government support for environmentally friendly vehicles significantly influence consumers’ behaviour. It also notes the evolving landscape of government regulations in the automotive industry and highlights Jaguar Land Rover's commitment to sustainability and carbon neutrality by 2039, including the introduction of electric vehicles and clean fuel-cell power. The abstract provides context for the research study, emphasizing the importance of understanding consumer behaviour in the context of climate change policies and the automotive industry.36 0Item Restricted Waste Gasification for Hydrogen Production(University College London (UCL), 2023) Lahig, Talal; Materazzi, MassimilianoThe vision for hydrogen being at the forefront of the energy transition is already in existence, due to its high energy density and its zero greenhouse gas emissions during use. Current production methods include steam-methane reforming and coal gasification, which lead to high CO2 emissions that will amplify climate change with increasing demand. Opposite to this is waste gasification, which provides a sustainable gateway for clean hydrogen production as waste contains biogenic carbon and can attain negative carbon emissions when coupled with carbon capture and sequestration (CCS). This study concentrates on the development of a novel approach to predict the pyrolysis yields of diverse waste based on its components of cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin, polyethylene and polypropylene. The work demonstrates that the flexibility and predictive capability of an air-steam bubbling fluidised bed (BFB) gasification model for a wide array of waste types is improved. The model was rigorously validated against pilot plant data through comparison of the outlet syngas composition, the tar content, the heating value and the temperature profile across the fluidised bed gasifier at a range of conditions. The effects of the feedstock type, equivalence ratio (ER) and the steam-to-waste ratio (STWR) are investigated to determine the optimal conditions for achieving a high H2 yield, while maintaining medium heating values. It was found that a H2/CO ratio of 2.37 is achieved with an ER of 0.30 and a STWR of 1.2 using sugarcane bagasse.37 0Item Restricted Vulnerable Pawns, Leading securitizing actors, or both? A study of Small Island Developing States and Climate Security(Saudi Digital Library, 2023-12-01) Qadhi, Rawan; Tansey, OisinClimate change is not officially recognized as a traditional security threat by international bodies regardless of the climate-related security concerns raised by small and developing countries such as Small Island Developing States (SIDS) which are threatened by the increasing sea level rise (SLR) resulting from the warming of global temperature. Exploring the subject of climate change in relation to SIDS is highly important as they are explicitly viewed as vulnerable pawns in the climate change regime regardless of their strategies and powers as small state actors. This research project, therefore, turns attention to the domestic construction of climate change and asks: how do SIDS frame climate change, and with what strategies do they apply to strengthen climate security and governance globally? This research utilizes the frameworks of the Copenhagen School of Security Studies as well as small state studies to explore climate security discursive practices and powers across three selected cases: the Bahamas, Tuvalu, and the Maldives. The main findings of the research are that SIDS frames and securitizes climate change as an existential threat to different security sectors depending on domestic understanding and priorities. Further, SIDS integrates their climate securitization moves into the realm of global climate security and governance by employing powers of small states that rely on cooperation, morality, and global public awareness. The main objective of this research is to move away from the vulnerability rhetoric that addresses SIDS as pawns in the game of climate change due to inherent and structural elements of island states rather than leading powers with the will and skills to expand on the meaning of security.33 0Item Restricted Recent Advancements in Graphene Oxide Adsorbents for Wastewater Treatment(Saudi Digital Library, 2023-10-02) Alyami, Hussain Hadi; Tahir, Asif; Roy, AnuragThe rapid increase in the world's population, alongside accelerated industrial expansion and the profound impacts of climate change, is intensifying the global water scarcity crisis. Graphene oxide (GO) and its varied composites play a pivotal role in wastewater purification, attributed to their superior adsorptive, oxidative, and catalytic properties. This review highlights the advances in hybrid graphene-based membrane materials, specifically engineered for water purification, addressing the growing demand for potable water. Intrinsically, graphene and GO and their composites boast a considerable pore volume, outstanding conductivity, diverse surface chemistry, and a remarkable aspect ratio. These attributes position them as ideal agents for the adsorption and catalysis of organic pollutants from wastewater. Notably, the sheet-like, resonant, polyaromatic π-system inherent in graphene derivatives facilitates critical interactions with organic pollutants, be it π–π stacking, hydrogen bonding, or electrostatic interactions. Such pollutants span from dyes and pharmaceutical by products to a spectrum of agricultural and industrial effluents. Many of these pollutants possess reactive unsaturated aromatic structures and abundant oxygen-rich functional groups. Numerous studies have meticulously analyzed the adsorption capacities of these pollutants, often framed within the context of established adsorption isotherm models such as Langmuir and Freundlich. Likewise, kinetic models, determinative factors, and the reusability of adsorbents have been thoroughly investigated. However, there's a noticeable gap in comprehensive dialogues comparing graphene-based membranes to other hybrid counterparts. Deepening our understanding of these graphene-infused membranes is crucial, marking a new paradigm in graphene applications. It is projected that upcoming research endeavors will further scrutinize and perfect the fabrication techniques of these cutting-edge graphene membranes, catalyzing more innovations in the sector.21 0