Saudi Cultural Missions Theses & Dissertations
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Item Restricted Restoration of subsurface mineral in non-cavitated enamel lesions using bioactive nanoparticles: In Vitro Study(University of Michigan, 2023) Almutairi, Nader; Clarkson, BrianRestoration of early-stage, non-cavitated caries lesions is a clinical challenge with few available options. Fluoride can stop the progression of caries at any stage, but it is ineffective at restoring enamel crystals lost within the lesion body. This study demonstrates the penetration of fluorapatite nanocrystals (nFA) into the subsurface of white spot lesions (WSL) using a calcium-binding fluorophore and two-photon microscopy (Fluo-4). Randomly divided into three groups, sixteen extracted human teeth with either active, natural or in vitrocreated carious lesions in enamel were analyzed. The teeth were treated with an emulsion of nFA crystals tagged with Fluo-4, Fluo-4 alone, or deionized water for 2 minutes and then left for 30 minutes before being washed with distilled water and analyzed using a two-photon microscope. At their deepest, in vitro and natural lesions treated with tagged nFA fluoresced at a depth of 80um. Lesions treated with Fluo-4 without crystals exhibited fluorescence primarily at the enamel's surface, whereas slabs treated with deionized water exhibited minimal to no fluorescence.55 0Item Restricted IoT: current challenges and future applications(Saudi Digital Library, 2023-08-30) Almutairi, Nader; Palego, CristianoThis master's thesis explores the dynamic landscape of Internet of Things (IoT) technology, focusing on its transformative potential and obstacles. The study explores the role of IoT devices in reshaping industries, enhancing efficiency, and enhancing resource management by navigating the complex web of IoT devices. The investigation identifies key contributors to the prevalent security vulnerabilities in IoT systems and suggests strategies to strengthen their defences. The research creates a comprehensive framework that combines encryption, authentication, and anomaly detection mechanisms to address the pressing need for secure and efficient IoT solutions. Utilising cutting-edge technologies such as machine learning and blockchain, the framework not only improves the security of IoT devices, but also guarantees data integrity and user privacy. This solution's significance rests in its capacity to pave the way for safer and more reliable IoT technology, thereby nurturing confidence among users, industries, and policymakers. The results of the study demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed framework in protecting IoT ecosystems from cyber threats, while also addressing ethical and regulatory concerns. Beyond technology, this research has implications for societal well-being, sustainable practises, and economic growth. By mitigating the security risks associated with the Internet of Things, this study establishes the foundation for realising the maximum potential of IoT technology in various industries.51 0