Saudi Cultural Missions Theses & Dissertations
Permanent URI for this communityhttps://drepo.sdl.edu.sa/handle/20.500.14154/10
Browse
3 results
Search Results
Item Restricted Effects of Bioactive Restorative Materials on Bovine Dentine with Varying Gap Sizes under Demineralising and Remineralising Conditions(Queen Mary University of London, 2024-03) Abohasel, Nada; Wong, Ferranti; Mills, David; Hill, RobertAim: To evaluate the demineralisation and remineralisation in gaps of varying dimensions between different bioactive restorative materials and bovine dentine. Methods: Four restorative materials, Cention® Forte (CF), RE-GEN™ (RG), ACTIVA™ Presto (AP), and GC Fuji VII (GIC) that claim to be bioactive, and an inert composite, Herculite™ XRV Kerr (HX), were selected for this study. Bovine dentine was used to investigate the effects of these five materials on the exposed surfaces. Silicon putty with a 10mm cylindrical hole in a 30ml plastic container was used to encase a 2mm-thick bovine dentine slice and the test materials. On one surface of the dentine, a stepped cellulose spacer, comprising five layers and measuring 250µm in thickness for each, was used to create a gradation space between the dentine and one of the materials. The whole container was then scanned using an X-ray microtomography scanner ( XMT), MuCAT2, at 3 time points. At T0, the original scan, the specimen was immersed in de-ionised water for storage. At T1, the specimen was immersed in demineralisation solution of acetic acid and sodium acetate at pH 4.5 for 6 weeks. At T2, following demineralisation, the specimen was immersed in a remineralisation solution containing calcium chloride, potassium phosphate, and potassium chloride at pH 7 for 6 weeks after demineralisation. After reconstruction, the images were standardised and aligned for qualitative and quantitative analysis. Results: CF, RG and GIC were shown to prevent mineral loss on the dentine surface with the gaps after demineralisation. In addition, mineral was formed and deposited on inside the gap. The dentine in the HX gap had aggressive demineralisation with no mineral deposition in the gap. The dentine in the AP gap was also demineralised but was less than that of HX. In the AP gap, some mineral was formed. After subsequent remineralisation, no obvious change of LAC was found in the CF and GIC gaps. There 5 was continuous mineral formation in the RG gap and the deposition was mainly on the material side. The LAC of the demineralised dentine next to the HX gap was increased, indicating some remineralisation. Small amount of mineral deposit was also found in the HX gap. No change of LAC was detected in the gap of AP. Variation of gap widths, 250 to 750 µm was not shown to have any noticeable effect. Discussion: The release of beneficial ions such as calcium, phosphate and fluoride from CF, RG and GIC has enough acid neutralising effect to prevent demineralisation and also new mineral formation in the gaps when they are subjected to acidic challenges. However, only RG, with the bioactive glass, Bioglass 45S5, has the ability to form mineral on its surface to fill the gap in a non-acidic environment. AP may have some ion release, but the concentration might not be enough to prevent demineralisation. HX, having no bioactive component, shows the classical demineralisation and remineralisation patterns. Conclusion: The bioactivity of RE-GEN™ is able to prevent demineralisation in the material-dentine interface if a restoration leaks. It also has self-repair potential to fill the unintentional gap created by clinicians in restorative procedures in acidic and non-acidic environment. Cention® Forte and GC Fuji VII are also materials that can prevent secondary caries formation. However, ACTIVA™ Presto claim on bioactive prevention cannot be upheld.22 0Item Restricted The Dose-Dependent Effect of Riva Star Aqua (AgF) on Demineralisation of HAP.(Queen Mary University of London, 2024-09) Alzhrani, Mohanad; Shahid, Saroash; Anderson, Paul; Sirovica, SlobodanIntroduction Dental caries continues to be a significant global health concern, particularly affecting children and the elderly, due to factors such as inadequate oral hygiene, high-sugar diets, and limited access to dental services. Despite advancements in dental care, the prevalence of caries remains high, highlighting the need for effective, minimally invasive strategies to halt its progression. Silver diamine fluoride (SDF) has recently garnered attention for its high success rates in arresting caries in both children and older adults. However, SDF's alkaline pH can cause temporary soft tissue irritation, likely due to its ammonia content (Syed et al., 2015). This has led to increased interest in ammonia-free alternatives, such as Riva Star Aqua (RSA), which may be more appropriate for treating children and patients with limited tolerance for dental procedures where soft tissue discomfort could be problematic. Understanding the efficacy of RSA in treating dental caries requires an examination of the effects of varying concentrations on the demineralisation process. Objective Therefore, the aim of this study is to investigate the dose-dependent impact of RSA on the demineralisation of hydroxyapatite and to compare the effectiveness of various concentrations. Materials and Methods The study uses Ion-Selective Electrodes (ISEs) to monitor the release of free Ca2+ from HAP into a demineralisation solution (0.1 M) at a pH of 4. Following this, RSA was applied to the HAP and then introduced into the demineralisation solution to investigate its effect on inhibiting the demineralisation process. Results The results indicated that Riva Star Aqua (RSA) treatment inhibited demineralisation, with the effectiveness varying according to concentration. Higher concentrations of RSA provided more substantial inhibitory effects and greater reductions in calcium loss. In contrast, the two lowest concentrations of RSA had negligible impact on demineralisation. A clear correlation was observed, where increased RSA concentration led to enhanced efficacy, while decreased concentrations resulted in diminished effectiveness. Conclusion In conclusion, this study provides valuable insights into the concentration-dependent effectiveness of RSA, highlighting its potential as a novel approach for managing dental caries. While these findings offer important guidance for improving dental practices, further research is needed to explore a broader range of concentrations and assess the long-term impacts on tooth enamel health.29 0Item Restricted The Dose-Dependent Response of Silver Diamine Fluoride(Saudi Digital Library, 2023-09-04) Alsulaiman, Daniyah; Shahid, SaroashDental caries is a significant global health concern that affects people of all ages, but children and the elderly in particular. Despite advancements in dental care, dental caries persists due to the complex interaction of multiple factors, including poor oral hygiene, sugary diets, and lack of access to dental care. Moreover, Silver diamine fluoride (SDF) is becoming a more common way to treat dental caries. SDF is a clear liquid formed of ions of silver and fluoride. Even when other treatments have failed, SDF is still able to stop tooth caries from getting worse (Ozüdolu, 2021). How well SDF works and what side effects it causes depend on concentration of it. To get the most out of SDF and keep teeth pain and discoloration to a minimum, it needs to be in the right amount. To understand how SDF works to treat tooth cavities, it is important to study how different amounts affect demineralisation. The study utilises Ion-Selective Electrodes (ISEs) to analyse the complex reaction of SDF, thereby facilitating a thorough comprehension of its underlying mechanism. The application of dilution methods was employed to examine different concentrations of SDF, so revealing their effects on the process of demineralisation. The conclusive findings provide valuable insights into the concentration-dependent effectiveness of SDF, hence illuminating its potential as a novel strategy for the management of dental caries.7 0