Saudi Cultural Missions Theses & Dissertations
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Item Restricted Managing complex projects to meet a fixed completion date(City University of London, 2023-11-15) Baroom, Ahmed; Milonidis, StathisComplex project management, also referred to as CPM, is an important field that draws from a range of academic disciplines to meet the ever-increasing complexities of projects in the fast-paced business environments of the modern period. Complex project management is also commonly known as CPM. This dissertation offers a comprehensive look at the evolution of CPM as well as an examination of its many complexities. It follows the evolution of the methodology from more linear methods, such as the waterfall approach, to more flexible strategies that are better suited for the management of complex projects. The study focuses on the myriad of factors that contribute to what is referred to as the "complexity" of a project. To be more explicit, it explores the disparities that exist between sociopolitical difficulties, structural complexities, and uncertainties. This analysis, which can be obtained here, sheds light on the challenges faced by these constituents and can be accessed here. By conducting an investigation of prospective solutions such as systems thinking and agile methodologies, this study highlights the significance of adaptability and taking a holistic point of view. This research highlights the significance of risk management and argues that it is a vital part of CPM. In addition, this research emphasizes the significance of risk management. It recognizes the complex nature of risk management and lays an emphasis on the necessity of utilizing sophisticated analytic techniques. At the conclusion of the dissertation, there will be an investigation into the management of complicated projects within the constraints of given amounts of time, as well as an evaluation of traditional measures and a presentation of potential improvements. This dissertation makes an attempt to include historical, practical, and prospective points of view in order to provide academics and professionals working in the area of complex project management with a comprehensive understanding, innovative solutions, and a way forward for the next study.16 0Item Restricted Blockchain Based Open Education Platform(Saudi Digital Library, 2023-11-27) Alshehri, Mansour; Aniello, Leonardo; Bills, OliverE-learning is a growing market that within the coming few years may double in size due to rapid improvements in technology, such as the rise of cloud computing, in addition to the sudden closure of education and work facilities that took place during Covid19 which paved the way towards more expansions in remote services. Such sudden changes have motivated the transformation of teaching and working from on-site to online settings. Provided the majority of ICT* are still mainly centralized which allows the world to develop and our daily routines to continue. Blockchain, on the other hand, can offer good services for education, such as this platform, and find solutions to some faced dilemmas, such as price souring and the censorship of control that are found on centralized platforms. Cost efficiency and the ease of implementation that blockchain networks provide, combined with efforts that communities of developers lend a hand for, have made it possible for some applications, such as voting and supply chain control, to surge from such implementations. Some blockchain based platforms are already serving customers with video streaming, however, particularly for education and teaching, it is still far behind the centralized one as there is no obvious development to mention which calls for this project to rise. A centralized server, within a virtual environment, backed up by data stored on a blockchain based network helps deliver the final product of the project. The hassle is that centralized platforms empower features that cause price fragility, and stationed themselves on a single point of failure that blockchain based networks can tackle even when involved partially. Regarding traditional mitigations towards these issues, blockchain as a concept differs and introduces itself in consistency with community ambitions, like those who suffer financially and have needs to access cheaper content to get qualified. This project is willing to stand up as a PoC, provided some components of the final product may appear in centralized form as it is still difficult to only depend on blockchain based services.46 0Item Restricted Prevalence and Distribution of Dental Caries on Occlusal Surfaces of Primary Molars among Children 3-5 Years of age in Newark, New Jersey(2023) Alagl, Hanan; Caceda, JorgeBackground: Dental caries is considered one of the most prevalent chronic diseases affecting children globally, and it is an international public health issue that affects 60-90% of schoolchildren. Early detection of dental caries is of extreme importance to allow for implementation of appropriate prevention protocols and the avoidance of early treatment in the pediatric population. Aims of the study: The purpose of the present study was: (1) to describe and determine if the distribution of caries is associated with the type of primary molars and gender, and (2) to compare the prevalence and mean number of caries on in five zones of the occlusal surfaces of primary first and second molars of children 3-5 years old. Materials and methods: One-hundred and forty-three dental records of pre-school children ages 3-5 years old from the head-start program and pre-school in Newark’s School System who had dental screenings performed at Rutgers School of Dental Medicine were included in the study. The occlusal surfaces of all examined primary molars were divided into five zones: (1) mesial, (2) distal, (3) buccal, (4) lingual, and (5) central. Caries detection was performed using the International Caries Detection System (ICDAS II). From the 143 children examined, a total of 5,720 occlusal zones were analyzed. Results: The overall prevalence of dental caries in the preschool children aged 3-5 years old was 80.4 %. The Occlusal Distal Zone (ODZ) showed the highest prevalence of dental caries. It was found that although the mean number of occlusal zones affected by caries for total caries (TC) and caries in enamel only (CE) in primary second molars were higher than the mean caries of primary first molars. Only the Occlusal Distal Zone (ODZ) and the Occlusal Lingual Zone (OLZ) showed statistical differences (P=0.029). For TC, the ODZ and Occlusal Mesial Zone (OMZ) appeared to be the least affected by dental caries in the primary mandibular left first molar, with values of 8% and 3% respectively. Prevalence of EC for the primary first molars was statistically significant only in Occlusal Central Zone (OCZ), where the primary mandibular right first molar exhibited the highest prevalence (8%). For TC, the primary maxillary right second molar demonstrated the lowest prevalence of TC in OMZ, Occlusal Buccal Zone (OBZ), and OLZ, with values of 8%, 4%, and 8% respectively, when compared to other primary second molars. This difference was statistically significant. On the other hand, and for CE, the primary mandibular right second molar displayed the highest prevalence of caries in OMZ, OBZ, and OLZ with values of 16%,16%, and 18% respectively. It was found that males have more caries than females in all three categories, and all showed statistically significant differences. Conclusions: The dental caries is still affecting a high percentage of 3-5 years old children, with a higher prevalence in males when compared to females. According to the results obtained, the occlusal surfaces of primary molars showed that the distal occlusal zone has the highest prevalence of dental caries when compared with other zones of the occlusal surface. Not all primary molars present the same prevalence and distribution of occlusal caries according to the occlusal zones analyzed in this study. In general, the study was unique and gathered important information that should be further analyzed.21 0