Saudi Cultural Missions Theses & Dissertations
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Item Restricted Understanding adoption of the ecological and technological innovation of textile digital printing through Saudi enterprises(KANSAS STATE UNIVERSITY, 2024) Baaqil, Khadijah; Melody, LeHewThe world is currently facing a climate crisis that cannot be resisted. Many businesses contribute to climate change by engaging in industrial activities and practices. For example, Saudi Arabia is the world’s largest exporter of total petroleum products, and its economy is heavily dependent on oil and petroleum-related industries (Odnoletkova & Patzek, 2021). These industries cause major environmental impacts in Saudi Arabia and surrounding areas. To move away from its oil dependency and implement sustainability, Saudi Arabia has heavily invested in other sectors, including the fashion industry (Rana & Suliman, 2018). However, the textile goods industry is considered the second most contaminated industry followed by the oil industry. One area of concern is the damage caused by dyeing and printing processes (Dhir, 2021). Technological innovations in the textile goods industry are creating solutions to reduce the negative impact of the industry (Sachs, 2019). Digital textile printing technology (DTP) is promoted as the future of sustainability in the fashion industry (Ayyoob & Khan, 2023; Kumelachew et al., 2023; Tkalec et al., 2022). However, there is limited information in the literature on digital textile printing (DTP) technology. Specifically, there are no studies investigating the factors influencing DTP adoption. Therefore, this study fills a gap in the literature by understanding the motivational and behavioral factors influencing DTP adoption in Saudi Arabia, through the lens of the modified Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT), considering performance expectancy, effort expectancy, facilitating conditions, social influence, eco-technological concern, and technological innovativeness. In order to achieve the objectives of this study, a mixed methods approach was employed through survey based primary data collection to gather both quantitative and qualitative data. Three models were proposed to investigate different relationships and variables to provide a comprehensive understanding of the research objectives and hypotheses. Model 1 used SEMPLS for testing hypotheses and mediation relationships. Ordinal Logistic Regression (OLR) was used to test Model 2 and Model 3. Model 2 estimated the relationship between ordered categorical dependent variable and independents variables, and Model 3 estimated the influence of control variables in the adoption of DTP. The findings demonstrated that effort expectancy, social influence, and technological innovativeness have a significant influence on adoption. Conversely, there were three rejected hypotheses, including performance expectancy, facilitating conditions, and eco-technological concern, that showed a non-significant relationship with adoption. Additionally, the results highlighted that technological innovativeness strongly mediates between primary study variables and the adoption of DTP technology. Overall, the OLR result showed that all relationships between the study constructs are significant, and the model is robust. Analysis also revealed that DTP adopters were younger and have higher incomes. Yet, individuals with a higher education level had less likelihood of adoption. Furthermore, the qualitative findings confirmed some close-ended responses and added insights. Thematic analysis identified three benefits of DTP: innovation, production efficiency, and product results. Participants also reported challenges, such as a lack of skills, financial resources, and limited DTP suppliers. Study results revealed some positive implications for the DTP market. There are strategies that marketers and policymakers could implement to improve the rate of DTP adoption. For example, marketers should segment targeted market into groups based on their individual characteristics. Awareness of the environmental impact of the fashion industry should be increased to enhance sustainability in the Saudi market. Addressing the study factors holistically necessitates targeted interventions, such as awareness campaigns, training programs, and collaboration initiatives. Lastly, this study showed that the research model had the capability to explain the adoption of DTP technology.33 0Item Restricted Followership of Nurses in Saudi Arabia: A Mixed Methods Study(The University of Adelaide, 2024-03-14) Alanazi, Sulaiman Mohammed; Wiechula, Richard; Foley, DavidIntroduction: This thesis presents a mixed-methods study of a sequential explanatory design aimed at exploring the current state of followership research in relation to health care clinicians, with a particular focus on understanding followership among nurses in the context of Saudi Arabia. Recognising the critical but often overlooked role of followership in the healthcare sector, this research explores the various dimensions, styles, impacts, and perceptions of followership. Scoping Review: The study begins with a scoping review to identify and map the existing body of research on followership in healthcare. The review examines studies across a range of methodologies, including quantitative, qualitative, and mixed methods, as well as systematic reviews and meta-analyses. This phase sets the stage for understanding the current state of followership research, identifying gaps, and establishing a context for the subsequent phases. Quantitative Phase: The quantitative section of the study focuses on nurses in Saudi Arabia. It aims to explore the prevalent followership styles among nurses and how these styles correlate with their sociodemographic profiles. This phase employs a cross-sectional design and the Kelley followership questionnaire-revised, providing valuable statistical insights into the nature and distribution of followership styles within this specific demographic. Qualitative Phase: Complementing the quantitative analysis, the qualitative phase delves into the personal perceptions and experiences of nurses regarding followership in Saudi Arabia. Through semi-structured interviews with seven registered nurses, this phase uncovers themes related to the understanding of followership, involvement in decision-making, and the barriers and facilitators to effective followership. This in-depth exploration offers a nuanced view of how followership is perceived and enacted in the healthcare setting. Integration Phase: The final phase of the study integrates the findings from the scoping review, quantitative, and qualitative research. Using a sequential explanatory mixed methods approach and a joint display analysis, this phase synthesizes the data to draw comprehensive conclusions. The integration phase offers a holistic view of followership among healthcare clinicians, particularly nurses in Saudi Arabia, identifying key themes and implications. Conclusions and Implications: The research reveals that while followership is a crucial element in healthcare, it remains under-researched and often misunderstood. The study highlights the importance of effective followership in improving clinical team performance and patient safety. It also identifies the need for more research in areas such as the impact of followership on clinical practice and the development of practical followership interventions. Recommendations include the integration of followership concepts into healthcare education and training, and the promotion of environments that value and enhance followership skills. This thesis contributes to the understanding of followership in healthcare and provides a foundation for future research in this critical area.37 0Item Restricted SICKLE CELL DISEASE SELF-MANAGEMENT AMONG LATE ADOLESCENTS AND THEIR FAMILIES IN SAUDI ARABIA: A MIXED-METHOD STUDY(University of Rhode Island, 2023-12-14) Abdulshakoor, Ebtesam M.; Sullivan, Mary; Lee, Jung; Mammen, JenniferABSTRACT Background: Sickle cell disease (SCD) is a hereditary blood disorder that affects millions globally. In Saudi Arabia, it manifests in severe or moderate forms, affecting 24 of 10,000 children and adolescents. This places a substantial burden on families, necessitating intricate care. While existing literature has primarily focused on medical management and quality of life, there is a gap in understanding Saudi adolescents’ experiences living with SCD and their self-management behaviors. Given the cultural emphasis on family in Saudi Arabia, this study was guided by the Individual and Family Self-management Theory (IFSMT), emphasizing collaborative efforts involving individuals and their families. Objectives: This study sought to (1) understand adolescents’ subjective experience of living with SCD; (2) describe the SCD self-management behaviors and condition-specific contextual factors with the IFSMT; and (3) determine associations between SCD, treatment complexity, and adolescents’ self-management behaviors as perceived by adolescents and their families. Methods: A convergent mixed-method approach involved: 1) Qualitative descriptive phenomenology through in-depth, semi-structured interviews, 2) Quantitative data from medical records and surveys completed by adolescents and their parents, including demographics, and questionnaires on SCD severity (PSISCP), Illnesses perception (IPQ-R), and SCD self-management behaviors (SMSC). A hybrid thematic analysis encompassed inductive and deductive steps followed by correlation of quantitative data. Convergent and divergent triangulation synthesized qualitative and quantitative data. Results: Thirty-five adolescents and parents were recruited from three hospitals in Jeddah and Makkah, Saudi Arabia. All completed surveys, and 21 adolescents participated in interviews. Four themes characterized their experience with SCD: (1) Adolescents experience SCD as “pain” that ranges from “normal” to “pain attacks;” (2) Some adolescents feel that others disbelieve them and may blame them for pain experiences; (3) SCD and its pain affect every aspect of adolescents’ lives; and (4) Adolescents use multiple ways of managing and coping with SCD and its pain to minimize the effects on their lives. Adolescents with higher SCD severity had more negative perceptions, and their higher self-management knowledge was associated with higher severity and negative illness perception. Parents’ perceptions about their adolescents’ knowledge and skills were higher than their adolescents’. A predominant convergence was found between the qualitative and quantitative data on SCD severity, disease perception, and self-management knowledge. However, a divergence was noted between reported self-management skills in qualitative and quantitative data. Conclusion: There were five overarching conclusions: (a) adolescents’ pain perception is tied to perceived SCD severity; (b) SCD impacts every aspect of their lives; (c) SCD severity and perceptions shape self-management knowledge; (d) discrepancies emerge in self-management skills, with variations between adolescent and parent perceptions; and (e) family support is indispensable for adolescent SCD self-management. Future research should focus on refining pain assessment tools for Saudi adolescents with SCD, aiming to facilitate the development of family-centered, culturally responsive, and individually tailored self-management strategies for this population.12 0Item Restricted Disaster Preparedness Among Emergency Medical Services Worker in Saudi Arabia(Saudi Digital Library, 2023-05-03) Almukhlifi, Yasir Matar D; Hutton, Alison; Crowfoot, GaryDisasters are unexpected events that impose destructive consequences which can adversely overwhelm countries' healthcare response systems. Countries are required to prepare their healthcare workers for disaster response effectively. A greater level of preparedness is associated with a more effective response to disasters. Emergency Medical Services (EMS) workers are vital and essential to effective disaster response in Saudi Arabia. This research aims to examine the perception of knowledge, skills, and preparation for disaster preparedness among EMS workers in Saudi Arabia. It further seeks to explore the needs of EMS workers and perceived barriers and facilitators of disaster preparedness within this context. This study used an explanatory sequential mixed method design to examine disaster preparedness among EMS workers in Saudi Arabia. A descriptive cross-sectional survey using the Disaster Preparedness Evaluation Tool (DPET) was distributed to EMS workers in military and government hospitals across three Saudi Arabian cities (Riyadh, Jeddah, and Dammam) in phase one of the study. This phase aimed to explore the perceived disaster knowledge, skills, and preparedness levels of EMS workers in Saudi Arabia. The findings from Phase One were used to inform phase two by providing direction for interview questions. Participants who expressed their interest in phase one were interviewed in phase two. This phase aimed to explore the facilitators, barriers, and cultural factors that affect disaster preparedness among EMS workers in Saudi Arabia. Two-hundred-and-eighty-seven EMS workers participated in this study. In phase one, participants reported moderate knowledge, skills, and preparedness levels for disasters. However, EMS workers were underprepared in certain areas of disaster preparedness, specifically a lack of isolation and decontamination skills during bioterrorist or biological attacks (CBRNE). Interview findings showed that three factors influenced their preparedness levels: personal preparedness, workplace preparedness, and socio-cultural influences. Participants reported difficulties in accessing workplace policies and procedures, a lack of standardisation in managing and implementing EMS regulations, and irregularity in providing drills and exercise regimes in Saudi Arabia. Results also highlighted the socio-cultural impact on disaster knowledge, skills, and preparedness of EMS workers. Prevailing social-cultural expectations in Saudi Arabia are biased against women. This results in a predominantly male and patriarchal structure within the EMS profession. Consequently, women in this study had fewer opportunities to enhance their knowledge, skills, and preparedness than their male EMS peers. This research was able to explore the perception of EMS workers’ disaster knowledge, skills and preparedness from a geographically and demographic representative sample of the Saudi Arabia EMS workforce. Important insights from the study could advance the EMS workforce and increase disaster preparedness. These include providing equitable, standardised, and inclusive education and training opportunities for all EMS workers in Saudi Arabia. In addition, local, postgraduate programs would further support Saudi Arabia’s disaster preparedness. Saudi Arabian workplaces will benefit from recruiting more female EMS workers and standardising staff rotation. This will empower EMS workers within all healthcare systems in Saudi Arabia. The Saudi Association of Emergency Medical Services (SAEMS) should implement these changes and be provided with appropriate governance powers to regulate the profession.50 0