Saudi Cultural Missions Theses & Dissertations
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Item Restricted A Security Risk Assessment Framework for IoT Systems(University of Regina, 2024-08) Waqdan, Mofareh Abdullah; MouhoubThe emergence and growth of the Internet of Things (IoT) have changed how we live and interact with technology. The seamless integration of connected devices, from household to industrial equipment, has brought about a new era of interconnectedness. However, this rapid expansion of the IoT also introduces new security concerns that need to be assessed. Assessing the security risks associated with deploying and using this technology is crucial. Consequently, organizations need a risk assessment framework that helps identify, evaluate, and manage the risks of IoT, including data privacy and confidentiality, system integrity, availability, and performance. The state-of-the-art has been given significant attention to security risk assessment in traditional cybersecurity with powerful computer systems, but the challenges of deploying IoT devices and their associated vulnerabilities have been overlooked. In this thesis, we first present a novel IoT security risk assessment framework for the healthcare environment, in which we have improved upon existing methodologies. The proposed framework dynamically calculates the risk score for different device profiles, considering their population and other parameters, such as network protocols, device heterogeneity, device security updates, device physical security status, device history status, layer history status, and device criticality. Second, we present a customizable framework for assessing the security risk of deploying and utilizing IoT devices in various environments. We dynamically calculate risk scores for different devices, considering their importance to the system and their vulnerabilities, among other parameters. The customizable framework considers the important parameters of the devices, their vulnerabilities, and how they impact the overall risk assessment. The importance of these devices and the severity of vulnerabilities are incorporated in the framework using the well-known Multi-Attribute Decision Making (MADM) methods, namely, Simple Additive Weighting (SAW) and Weighting Product (WP). Finally, the risk is assessed on a setup comprised of IoT devices widely deployed in healthcare systems, such as emergency rooms.6 0Item Restricted HAZID Analysis of Hydrogen Production Via Solid-State Electrolysis(The University of Sheffield, 2024-08) Altarif, Saleh; Cordiner, JoanCarbon-neutral energy sources are required for efficient energy production in the future, which has prompted research on new methods for generating Hydrogen or clean hydrogen production technology, such as solid oxide electrolysis cells (SOECs). Nevertheless, the high-temperature operation of SOECs and hydrogen handling aspects pose severe safety and environmental concerns. This study thus performs a thorough Hazard Identification (HAZID) on hydrogen production using SOECs with the objective of overcoming these challenges to allow for safe use and integration of the technology. This paper covers measures necessary to determine risks associated with SOEC systems, such as high heat, electrical appliances, chemicals, and pressure. The study concludes that the current approaches used in HAZID do not adequately incorporate some of the potential dangers with SOEC operation; therefore, improvements are needed in assessing SOE chamber material degradation at high temperatures as well as the integration of SOECs with other forms of renewable energy sources that are intermittent. To improve risk evaluation and management, the study suggests the implementation of innovative technologies, including CFD, ML, and real-time monitoring. The study highlights the dire call for enhanced safety measures, measurement, and control, as well as constant technology innovation to attain safe implementation of SOEC technology for the steady production of Hydrogen.28 0Item Restricted Risk Assessment and Advance Alert Notification for Smart Grid(Cardiff University, 2023-09-07) Khawaji, Moath Majdi; Saxena, NeeteshAs the global commercial and industrial sectors prosper, the demand for energy has prompted a pivotal shift from traditional electrical grids to smart grids (SG). Leveraging digital technology, SGs enhance efficiency and provide a more sustainable solution (Rawat and Bajracharya 2015). However, this evolution also magnifies the sector's vulnerability to cyber threats, as underscored by prominent cyber-attacks in recent history. This research project aims to delve into the intricacies of SG cybersecurity, leveraging the attack graph approach to identify critical assets within the proposed SG system model and assess associated risks. By focusing on critical assets and understanding system interconnectivity, a dynamic risk assessment model coupled with a state-of-the-art alert notification tool is proposed here to proactively counter threats and fortify SG system resilience. Ultimately, our objective is to strengthen the security of SGs, safeguarding them against looming cyber threats.13 0Item Restricted Catering Project: Expanding to Thrive(Saudi Digital Library, 2023-12-13) Alsufayan, Norah; Cronin, Mark; De Loayza, Alonso; Zhuoran, Zhang; Wang, Xiaoxiao; Kaleka, AnnaThrive Group Wales, operates as a social enterprise supporting Thrive Women's Aid in combating domestic abuse and violence. Focused on catering services, they currently cater food to local companies in Neath, Port Talbot, and Swansea. The project's goal is to expand catering services and improve their reach. Through interactions with the client, key needs have been identified, including understanding the events' industry trends, customer preferences, financial viability, risks, and other recommendations. The primary objective is to capitalize on growth opportunities for Thrive Group's catering department. Market research reveals a strong potential for expansion, and suggests using the company's USP to stand out from the competition. Furthermore, there are significant opportunities for the business to grow in terms of branding and product positioning. The results of a survey carried through the project give major insights into consumer preferences, indicating their willingness to pay for food during events, a preference for music festivals, and Mexican street food being a top choice of purchase. Financial analysis suggests short-term promise but highlights the need for stable revenue growth strategies. Risk assessment strategies encompass a range of risks such as reputational, financial, operational, amongst others, and the best strategy to tackle each of them. By addressing these challenges, capitalizing on opportunities, and taking into consideration the recommendations of the project, the Thrive Group can expand into a successful and impactful catering business while supporting its charitable mission.37 0Item Restricted The Effectiveness of Using the HEART Score on Patients Complaining of Chest Pain in The Emergency Department Who Are at Risk of Acute Coronary Syndrome: a systematic review.(Saudi Digital Library, 2023-07-18) Alturbag, May Ali; Bennett, MaggieBackground: Chest pain is one of the most common causes of presentation to the emergency room. The diagnosis of non-ST-elevation acute coronary syndrome is a challenge because this condition doesn't have an easily identifiable electrical pattern like the other main types of heart attacks. The HEART Pathway (history, ECG, age, risk factors, and troponin) is a rapid diagnostic tool that identifies low-risk emergency department patients with chest pain for early discharge without stress testing or angiography. Aim: This systematic review aims to Determine the effectiveness of the HEART score in patients with chest pain who might be suspected of acute coronary syndrome in the Emergency Department. Methodology: Five electronic databases (CHINAL, Medline, PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science) were searched systematically. A systematic search strategy was formulated with the assistance of an expert librarian. The appraisal tools that are used by RevMan and the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) for systematic reviews assess the quality of each study. Results: A total of seven studies are included. Five of the studies were randomised trials; one was quasi-experimental; and the last was an observational cohort study. They looked at the effectiveness of the HEART score to identify low-risk patients who can be safely discharged without stress testing or angiography in the emergency department. Five studies support the implementation of the HEART Pathway, but one caution against the widespread use of the HEART score as the sole determinant of ED disposition, and one study shows that the HEART score was incorrectly calculated for patients, leading to inappropriate risk categorization. Therefore, actions should be taken to improve the score’s use in daily practice. The discussion was based on the HEART Score, and the included studies relate to institutional policy, education, clinical decision-making, and continuing professional development. Conclusions The HEART Pathway reduces objective cardiac testing, shortens stay length, and increases early discharges without major adverse cardiovascular events at 30 days. It supports identifying low-risk patients who can be safely discharged without stress testing or angiography. However, this systematic review found that caution is advised when using the HEART score alone as a standard of care for ED patients with chest pain, as it may be calculated incorrectly.9 0