The Role of the UNSC in Combating International Terrorism: An Examination of the UNOCT and Violent Extremism as a Counter-Terrorism Measure

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Terrorism has become a transnational security problem that threatens to frustrate development, especially at a time that the world, through the auspices of the United Nations, is looking forward to achieving sustainable development by 2030. However, despite these recognitions, studies reveal that the UN has historically fallen short in addressing terrorism since most programs have been reactionary and failed to focus on the root causes of terror and violent extremism. With the formation of the United Nations Office of Counterterrorism (UNOCT), this focus was expected to change. The present study sought to explore whether the UNOCT has succeeded in reducing violent extremism as the root cause of terrorism. The results show that although various mediating factors have contributed to the reduction of cases of violent extremism, there is reason to believe that the change of tact and the use of holistic approaches to preventing and countering violent extremism under the auspices of the UN have led to a general reduction in terrorism.
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