The Effect of Gender Bias on Female Promotions in the Saudi Industrial Sector

Abstract

This research provides a brief analysis of the effects of gender bias on the promotion of females as well as how women are not given gender equality rights, including what problems they are now facing in Saudi Arabia. For the sake of this purpose, a methodology as well as analysis is also provided in this reports which is telling that how the women can be promoted in the industries as well as what the previous studies told about the effects and some recommendations are also available which are telling that how women can be promoted and why they should they should be. Women Participation in organizational matters, Gender Bias, Cultural Stereotype are predators or constant variables in this study and women promotion is dependent variable. However, gender bias is independent variable in this context. The data collection method was in the shape of small parts as well as primary sources were used for collecting the significant data by making as well as distributing the questionnaires. Furthermore, the collection of data was a difficult task. For this, the sampling design for the collection of the data consists of 211 employees of the top five companies in KSA. After collection of the data, the analysis was performed on that data by using the quantitative research as well as the qualitative research approaches that are employed for the analysis of the data on such kind of research. The results of this research shows that the women's labour force of KSA was the lowest at 18% worldwide in 2012 ahead of only Iran and Afghanistan. There were many key findings in this research. According to the statistical analysis, our main Hypothesis was tested to be true with a strong correlation between Gender bias and Female Promotion with Pearson Correlation Co-efficient of -.516 at p = .05 significance level. Similarly Women Participation was found to be moderately correlated to Female Promotion with Pearson Correlation Co-efficient of .426 at p = .05 significance level. However, Cultural Stereotypes was found not significantly correlated to Female Promotion. A post hoc Analysis revealed that there was a significant difference in means and variances of two gender samples, which was understood to be the main reason behind Cultural Stereotypes not being significantly correlated to Female Promotion in Saudi Industrial sector. The Cronbach’s Alpha test for Reliability showed strong internal consistency with an alpha value of .717 and it was achieved by deleting some of the items. The Research results were found to have significant Criterion Validity with 209 degrees of freedom and critical ‘r’ value of 0.188. The equation FP= α+ β_1 GB+ β_2 CS+ β_2 WP was found to be Female Promotion (Predicted) = 5.390 - .448 (Gender Bias) + .137(Cultural Stereotype) - .299(Women Participation).