SACM - United States of America
Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://drepo.sdl.edu.sa/handle/20.500.14154/9668
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Item Restricted Office Workspace Environments: Understanding the Influence of Financial Workers’ Personality on Their Control of Their Physical Environment and Sense of Satisfaction(Arizona State University, 2024) Naseef, Rawan; Sharp, Nina; Koro, Mirka; Brooks, Kenneth; Mohammad, HassnaaThis study explores financial professionals in Saudi Arabia's banking sector, examining how their unique personalities shape their experiences with workplace lighting, acoustics (speech privacy), and spatial layout, while also considering the degree of control they have over these conditions. Using a qualitative approach, the research delves into employees’ perceptions, behavioral responses, and preferences to build design theories aimed at enhancing job satisfaction in office environments. Guided by a constructivist theoretical framework and employing constructivist grounded theory for data analysis, the study used semi-structured interviews as primary data collection methods and photo elicitation as a supportive method. Findings reveal that employees’ interactions with lighting, speech privacy, and spatial layout vary based on personality traits, leading to actionable insights for workplace design. Three theories emerged from these insights, offering guidance for both design practices and future research. This research was conducted across three different banks in two major regions of Saudi Arabia, with implications suggesting future studies could explore the role of Saudi culture in shaping diverse personality experiences in mixed-gender office environments.8 0Item Restricted Sound-Based Non-Destructive Evaluation to Detect Damage in Lithium-Ion Batteries(Ohio University, 2024) Al Amiri, Essa Salem; Wisner, Brian JIn recent years, lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) have played an essential role in nowadays energy storage system, especially electric vehicles (EVs) and portable electronics because of its high energy density and long cycle life [1, 2]. However, one of the biggest challenges is how to guarantee their dependability and trustworthiness. In the present investigation, Acoustic Emission (AE) and Ultrasound Testing (UT) techniques are systematically employed to verify probable critical defects in the LIBs. Where AE technology is able to record the stress waves produced by the growth of the defects, UT uses high-frequency sound waves to penetrate the batteries and provide an indication of the internal voids. The performances of these approaches were systematically tested on as-received, pre-damaged and cold-soaked batteries. Different AE and UT activity patterns were shown in the results under various environmental conditions that influenced battery performance. Combining Acoustic Emission (AE) and Ultrasound Testing (UT) with clustering and outlier analysis machine learning algorithms improved defect detection effectiveness. Such research highlights that AE and UT can be robust noninvasive techniques for on-line health monitoring of LIBs that should aid in maintaining the longevity and operability of LIBs.4 0Item Restricted SECURE MULTI-ROBOT COMPUTATION FOR HETEROGENEOUS TEAMS : FOUNDATIONS AND APPLICATIONS(Florida International University, 2024) Alsayegh, Murtadha; Bobadilla, LeonardoIn the rapidly evolving field of robotics, significant progress has been made in the planning, control, and coordination of multi-robot systems, embedding robots into various sectors such as household, manufacturing, healthcare, and surveillance. Despite these advancements, challenges arise, particularly concerning privacy due to robots' potential to access and share more information than necessary, risking sensitive data exposure. Addressing this, our research introduces innovative strategies to ensure collaborative computation among robots while safeguarding privacy, thereby preventing unnecessary information sharing and achieving optimal objectives. We propose lightweight communication protocols for data synchronization, reducing the need for extensive data exchange, and a secure multiparty auction-based algorithm for private task allocation without revealing sensitive data. Additionally, we explore the use of secure multiparty computation with Markov Decision Processes (MDP) for planning, ensuring privacy in multi-agent cooperation. Building on this foundation, we delve into decentralized multi-robot information gathering (DMRIG), presenting the Asynchronous Information Gathering with Bayesian Optimization (AsyncIGBO) and Distributed and Decentralized Robotic Information Gathering (DDRIG) algorithms to improve environmental monitoring data collection efficiency, balancing communication complexity, and privacy. Through practical experimentation, these algorithms' real-world efficacy is demonstrated, emphasizing their role in enhancing environmental monitoring via sophisticated information sharing and task allocation among robots. This dissertation provides a comprehensive approach to addressing privacy and efficiency in heterogeneous robot systems, showcasing the potential of these technologies to advance robotics applications securely and effectively. Together, these components form a comprehensive approach to addressing privacy concerns in heterogeneous robot systems. By interlinking efficient data sharing protocols, secure task allocation, private planning strategies, and optimized multi-robot information gathering, the dissertation lays the groundwork for a new paradigm in robotic collaboration. This synergy ensures that robots can work together effectively, achieving optimal objectives without compromising sensitive information, marking a significant advancement in the field of robotics.11 0Item Restricted Investigating phase transitions of the Weyl semimetals (MoTe2 and NbIrTe4) by using Raman spectroscopy and infrared reflected polarized light.(University Of Cincinnati, 2024-12-24) Albalawi, Fawaz; Smith, LeighSince the discovery of the topological Weyl semimetal phase, these materials have been a major topic for researchers aiming to understand their complex properties. Transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs), such as NbIrTe4 and MoTe2, have been proposed as Weyl semimetal materials. These materials host Weyl points (Weyl fermions) due to their crystal structure's broken spatial inversion symmetry. As their thickness decreases to a few layers, their crystal structure transitions to a monoclinic phase. This structural change restores inversion symmetry in the thinner layers, opening a gap between the valence and conduction bands. This thesis investigates the phase transition of these materials based on thickness and temperature, specifically focusing on NbIrTe4 and MoTe2. We demonstrate how reflected polarized light can be used to distinguish between different phases. Our findings provide new insights into the electronic structure of topological Weyl semimetals and suggest potential applications in optical and electronic devices.10 0Item Restricted DESIGNING OF DIGITAL SUPPLY CHAIN TWINS TO IMPROVE SUPPLY CHAIN RESILIENCE USING MACHINE LEARNING AND SIMULATION MODELS(State University of New York at Binghamton, 2024) Khan, Naseem; Nagarur, NagendraDue to global diversification and risk, supply chain resiliency has become crucial. Supply chain risks must be identified, assessed, and mitigated to preserve continuity and gain a competitive edge. Although supply chain disruptions have been a problem for a long time, researchers need to pay more attention to using modern technology to develop resilient supply systems. Digital twin technology offers significant benefits to supply chain management through real-time monitoring, simulation, and optimization. This research looks into leveraging advanced technology by integrating a digital twin environment into supply chains, which could be used to mitigate disruptions. Moreover, this research aims to study how the digital supply chain twin' improves and manages the supply chain's resilience using machine learning and simulation models. Thus, this research seeks to address two gaps: knowledge and methodology. This study's contributions include designing a phase to integrate a digital twin into the supply chain, developing a conceptual resilient digital supply chain twin framework, modeling a digital supply chain twin using machine learning and simulation to improve supply chain resilience, and validating the model by case study.4 0Item Restricted FACTORS AFFECTING INVOLVEMENT OF PARENTS OF STUDENTS WITH LEARNING DISABILITIES IN SAUDI ELEMENTARY SCHOOLS(Duquesne University, 2024) Alyahya, Mohammed; MathieuSher, RevaThe research explores the factors that influence parental involvement in school children with learning disabilities in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Understanding these factors is crucial, as parental involvement is widely recognized as essential for the academic success of children, particularly those with learning disabilities. This study used a quantitative approach to collect data from parents of students with learning disabilities, including parents' age, gender, income, employment status, and parental beliefs (responsibilities and capabilities). The findings reveal that parental beliefs regarding their responsibilities towards their child's education are the only significant predictor of parental involvement. In contrast, other variables, including age, gender, income, employment status, and beliefs about capabilities, showed no significant impact.15 0Item Restricted Saudi Economic Vision 2030 on Science Instruction: An Investigation of Saudi Arabian Science Teachers’ Beliefs about the Flipped Classroom Strategy(University of North Texas, 2024) Alanazi, Fahdah; القحطاني, سعيد محمد عبداللهA key pillar of the Saudi Economic Vision 2030 is encouraging digital transformation in the nation. We explored the beliefs of Saudi Arabian secondary school science teachers about their use of the flipped classroom strategy in their classrooms. The purpose of this study was to explore the beliefs of Saudi Arabian secondary school science teachers about their use of the flipped classroom strategy as active learning approach. Thematic analysis of data (field observations, interview transcripts, focus group transcripts, and artifacts) revealed a mixed beliefs system held by science teachers regarding their use of the flipped classroom strategy and their efforts to bring their instruction in line with the Saudi Economic Vision 2030. Predominant among these categories of beliefs was teachers’ beliefs about science instruction using the flipped classroom strategy; this was followed by their beliefs about students and student learning and beliefs about self as teacher and finally beliefs about how their science instruction coheres with the Saudi Economic Vision 2030. This study’s findings demonstrated the existence of and an over-reliance on mixed beliefs directly related to science instruction and to the self as a science teacher. The existence of and over-reliance on these mixed beliefs shows a repeated emphasis on the influence of beliefs in influencing teaching in science classrooms. Further, the findings of the study demonstrate the need for the Saudi Vision to consider teachers beliefs as a determinant for successful implementation instead of simply imposing the reform requirements on teachers. Most importantly, it is necessary to tailor professional development to discover and characterize teachers’ beliefs regarding science instruction as a key part of reforms prescribed by the Saudi Economic Vision 2030.20 0Item Restricted Adult Foster Homes in an Aging America: Trends, Effects, and Operational Challenges (2017–2023)(Oregon Health and Science University, 2024) Albalawi, Wafi; Chair, Paula Carder; Tunalilar, Ozcan; Messer, Lynne; Carlson, BryantBackground: As the aging U.S. population grows, the demand for long-term care services (LTCS) is rising. Adult Foster Homes (AFHs), small residential care settings providing personalized support for older adults, play a critical role in meeting this demand. However, limited research has focused on AFHs compared to other LTCS options. This dissertation examines Oregon’s AFH holistically by assessing home characteristics, resident’s status and health needs, and the experiences of operators, particularly during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: Utilizing data from the Oregon Community-Based Care study (2017–2023), this mixed methods research integrates quantitative trend analyses and qualitative content analysis. It explores three key aims: (1) identifying trends in residents' health conditions, service utilization, and medication use; (2) assessing associations between AFH characteristics and healthcare outcomes; and (3) capturing operators' perspectives on rewards and challenges during the pandemic. Results: Findings reveal high prevalence rates of dementia and polypharmacy among residents, with increasing medication use and stable trends in ADL needs. Family involvement significantly declined during the pandemic but showed partial recovery post-restrictions. Operators highlighted meaningful rewards, such as resident care and autonomy, alongside challenges like regulatory burdens and low Medicaid reimbursement rates. Conclusion: By highlighting the unique attributes, resident health needs, and operational challenges of AFHs in Oregon, this study brings critical attention to an often-overlooked long-term care option18 0Item Restricted POLITICAL REFORMS AND WOMEN’S RIGHTS IN THE KINGDOM OF SAUDI ARABIA(Florida Atlantic University, 2024-12-16) Abuhasabo, Sama Khalil; Rabil, Robert GThe Arabian Peninsula was under the influence of the Ottoman Empire from 1517 until its collapse in 1918. During this time, three attempts were made to establish a Saudi state, the last of which began in 1902 and ended with the unification of the third Saudi State in 1932. During this period, three Saudi States were formed. The first Saudi State was established in 1745 when the al-Diriyah Agreement was introduced. This landmark agreement was achieved when Imam Mohammed Ibn Saud formed an alliance with Sheikh Mohammed Ibn Abdul Wahhab, a religious and rebellious man who advocated for the pure interpretation of Islamic principles. This alliance enabled Ibn Saud to govern the state, but he left the religious and cultural aspects of the society under the authority of Ibn Abdul Wahhab. As a result, throughout centuries, the religious establishment has greatly influenced the affairs of all three Saudi States. However, following the seizure of the Grand Mosque by religious zealots in 1979, Saudi Arabia underwent changes that viii radicalized the religious establishment, causing myriad detrimental effects for Saudi women. Oppressed by the weight of unfair laws and obstacles, Saudi women challenged the status quo and fought for equal rights through various methods. While King Abdullah al-Saud introduced some reforms, more significant change was still to come. After King Abdullah’s death, King Salman and his son Mohammed Bin Salman—the Crown Prince and Prime Minster—initiated a series of sweeping reforms under the Vision 2030 initiative to empower women, diversify the economy, and modernize the Kingdom of Saudi. Some key aspects of these reforms were abolishing the Male Guardianship System and removing the ban on women’s driving. This dissertation explores the sociopolitical reforms in Saudi Arabia, culminating with Vision 2030 and their impact on Saudi culture. Through vivid narratives and compelling examples, it offers a nuanced perspective and sheds light on the challenges and opportunities that have resulted from these reforms, particularly through the lens of Saudi women’s experiences. Ultimately, this dissertation demonstrates that Saudi Arabia’s moving away from the extreme religious principles that emerged after 1979, dismantling of the Male Guardianship System, and lifting of the ban on Saudi women driving have all positively impacted the day-to-day lives of Saudi women as well as Saudi society as a whole.24 0Item Restricted Understanding adoption of the ecological and technological innovation of textile digital printing through Saudi enterprises(KANSAS STATE UNIVERSITY, 2024) Baaqil, Khadijah; Melody, LeHewThe world is currently facing a climate crisis that cannot be resisted. Many businesses contribute to climate change by engaging in industrial activities and practices. For example, Saudi Arabia is the world’s largest exporter of total petroleum products, and its economy is heavily dependent on oil and petroleum-related industries (Odnoletkova & Patzek, 2021). These industries cause major environmental impacts in Saudi Arabia and surrounding areas. To move away from its oil dependency and implement sustainability, Saudi Arabia has heavily invested in other sectors, including the fashion industry (Rana & Suliman, 2018). However, the textile goods industry is considered the second most contaminated industry followed by the oil industry. One area of concern is the damage caused by dyeing and printing processes (Dhir, 2021). Technological innovations in the textile goods industry are creating solutions to reduce the negative impact of the industry (Sachs, 2019). Digital textile printing technology (DTP) is promoted as the future of sustainability in the fashion industry (Ayyoob & Khan, 2023; Kumelachew et al., 2023; Tkalec et al., 2022). However, there is limited information in the literature on digital textile printing (DTP) technology. Specifically, there are no studies investigating the factors influencing DTP adoption. Therefore, this study fills a gap in the literature by understanding the motivational and behavioral factors influencing DTP adoption in Saudi Arabia, through the lens of the modified Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT), considering performance expectancy, effort expectancy, facilitating conditions, social influence, eco-technological concern, and technological innovativeness. In order to achieve the objectives of this study, a mixed methods approach was employed through survey based primary data collection to gather both quantitative and qualitative data. Three models were proposed to investigate different relationships and variables to provide a comprehensive understanding of the research objectives and hypotheses. Model 1 used SEMPLS for testing hypotheses and mediation relationships. Ordinal Logistic Regression (OLR) was used to test Model 2 and Model 3. Model 2 estimated the relationship between ordered categorical dependent variable and independents variables, and Model 3 estimated the influence of control variables in the adoption of DTP. The findings demonstrated that effort expectancy, social influence, and technological innovativeness have a significant influence on adoption. Conversely, there were three rejected hypotheses, including performance expectancy, facilitating conditions, and eco-technological concern, that showed a non-significant relationship with adoption. Additionally, the results highlighted that technological innovativeness strongly mediates between primary study variables and the adoption of DTP technology. Overall, the OLR result showed that all relationships between the study constructs are significant, and the model is robust. Analysis also revealed that DTP adopters were younger and have higher incomes. Yet, individuals with a higher education level had less likelihood of adoption. Furthermore, the qualitative findings confirmed some close-ended responses and added insights. Thematic analysis identified three benefits of DTP: innovation, production efficiency, and product results. Participants also reported challenges, such as a lack of skills, financial resources, and limited DTP suppliers. Study results revealed some positive implications for the DTP market. There are strategies that marketers and policymakers could implement to improve the rate of DTP adoption. For example, marketers should segment targeted market into groups based on their individual characteristics. Awareness of the environmental impact of the fashion industry should be increased to enhance sustainability in the Saudi market. Addressing the study factors holistically necessitates targeted interventions, such as awareness campaigns, training programs, and collaboration initiatives. Lastly, this study showed that the research model had the capability to explain the adoption of DTP technology.33 0