SACM - China

Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://drepo.sdl.edu.sa/handle/20.500.14154/9652

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Open innovation in design-centric business environment: The Greater Bay Area perspective
(Saudi Digital Library, 2019-07-10) Almattar, Tayseer Sadiq; Bühring, Jörn
On February 2019, the Chinese government announced its plan to establish what it called the Greater Bay Area (GBA). The area is identified by its geographical location to include Hong Kong, Macau, Shenzhen, Guangzhou, and seven other municipalities in Guangdong province. The goal is for the GBA to be developed into a world-class city cluster. Toward this goal, the GBA is to become a world center for innovation. This paper explores the potential of applying principles of open innovation in the GBA to support design-driven startups functioning in the Internet of Things (IoT) era. The GBA has all the requisite elements to support an ecosystem of thriving innovation and an (IoT) application era. Both the open innovation approach and IoT application require a new way to look at business models—a look that focuses more on openness and collaboration between players in different industries. This includes both well-established players, like big corporations, and smaller players, like startups and individuals. This open model is based on an open value exchange of both knowledge and resources to serve everyone’s goals. Within the GBA, this model can be fitted with stronger collaboration between the cities of Hong Kong and Shenzhen.
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The Research on the Impact of International Oil Price Fluctuation on the Performance of Saudi Oil Enterprises
(2021-01) Bajawi, Abdulaziz Hussain; Yan, Zhu
Oil is a commodity with highly volatile price.The change of oil price will not onlyaffect the country's inflation, import and export trade and residents' consumption structure, but alsolead to the adjustment of oil industry chain structure and competition and cooperationrelationship. It also has an important impact on the output, sales volume, profit andfuturedevelopment strategy of petroleum industry enterprises.In particular, As the only oil companyin Saudi Arabia, the speed and strategy of Saudi Aramco's response to oil price fluctuationsare directly related to its own survival, the development of other industries and the country'seconomic stability.However, due to the severe international political situation and the impact of COVID-19, international oil prices are falling off a cliff. Even the price of the 2020WTIMay futures contract plunged 305.97% and closed at -37.63 USD/barrel, falling into negativeterritory for the first time in history.Therefore, how to deal with the fluctuationsofinternational oil prices is crucial for Saudi Aramco.Based on the price theory, stakeholdertheory and enterprise core competitiveness theory, this paper analyzes the impact of oil volatility on the performance of Saudi Aramco by using the data of crude oil price anditsannual fluctuation from 1987 to 2021.The differences between Saudi Aramco andotherinternational oil companies under the influence of international oil price fluctuations inrecent five years are compared and analyzed.It clarifies the factors of Saudi Aramco's success.Theresults show that the oil price slump directly reduces the upstream profits of oil companies, increases the risk of asset impairment, and makes them adjust their development strategies, increase the investment in downstream business, and increase the investment in technological innovation of upstream business.The increase in oil price will increase the profit of upstreambusiness, at the same time promote the cost transfer to the downstream business, increasetheinvestment in technological innovation and improve the cost structure of downstreambusiness.This paper makes a specific analysis of Saudi Aramco based on theoretical andpractical data, and obtains the transmission path of international oil price fluctuations toitsperformance.The empirical evidence and management suggestions are provided for theoil industry enterprises to improve the risk resistance ability, enterprise performanceandprofitability of international oil price fluctuations.
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A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF ARABIC AND CHINESE NEOLOGISM SINCE THE 21ST CENTURY
(Saudi Digital Library, 2023) BAHAITHAM , AMAL MOHAMMED; LIU , HANQING
The teaching of neologism is a hot issue in the international education of Chinese in recent years. It is also a window for Chinese learners to understand the changes in Chinese society and language life. Based on the perspective of teaching Arabic-Chinese neologism, this thesis on the basis of comparing the sources and word-formation methods of Arabic and Chinese neologism since the 21st century, combined with the author's questionnaire survey of students in Arab countries, studies the similarities and differences between Arabic and Chinese neologism through comparative research, questionnaire survey and other research methods, and analyzes the reasons for the differences between the two, Put forward relevant suggestions on the teaching of neologism in Arabic and Chinese. The teaching of neologism is a hot issue in the international education of Chinese in recent years. It is also a window for Chinese learners to understand the changes in Chinese society and language life. Based on the perspective of teaching Arabic-Chinese neologism, this thesis, on the basis of comparing the sources and word-formation methods of Arabic and Chinese neologism since the 21st century, combined with the author's questionnaire survey of students in Arab countries, studies the similarities and differences between Arabic and Chinese neologism through comparative research, questionnaire survey and other research methods, and analyzes the reasons for the differences between the two, Put forward relevant suggestions on the teaching of new vocabulary in Arabic Chinese. According to the research, from the perspective of source, the self-source words and foreign words in Chinese neologisms occupy a certain proportion, while the foreign words in Arabic neologisms are more. In terms of word formation methods, the neologism in both countries have transliteration, free translation, combination of sound and meaning, etc., but the monosyllabic words of Chinese neologism are mostly transliteration. In the form of abbreviations, Chinese abbreviations are more diverse. In addition, through the questionnaire survey, we found that students in Arab countries have the best mastery of words closely related to daily life, followed by words that represent social phenomena, while words with letters and words that represent the state of things are relatively poor. Therefore, considering the differences between Arabic and Chinese neologisms, this thesis believes that in the teaching of Arabic Chinese neologisms, we should take into account the characteristics of the mother tongue of students in Arab countries, first teach foreign words in Chinese neologisms, and then teach the original words in Chinese neologisms, and use the combination of situational teaching method and morpheme teaching method to teach students the semantics of neologism, It focuses on the pragmatic function and emotional color of neologism.
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Research on Structure Strength and Stability of UHV Transmission Tower
(alanazi hani owaid s, 2023-04-23) Hani, Alanazi; Ming, Ma Xiao
In 2019, China put forward the "New Infrastructure" project. As one of the seven construction fields mentioned, ultra-high voltage (UHV) has attracted special attention from the Chinese government. As a key part of UHV field, UHV transmission tower is the carrier of electric energy in the whole UHV power system, which plays a very important role. And the existing research lacks quantitative analysis, which puts forward new requirements for its consumables, load capacity and optimal design. Therefore, it is necessary to evaluate the structure and stability of ultra -high voltage (UHV) transmission tower in order to meet the demand of high-capacity power transmission of new power system. The main research contents and innovations of this paper are as follows: The shape finding of transmission tower, transmission line and insulator string is carried out according to the shape finding principle of UHV transmission tower and transmission line. Then, the initial state model and dynamic characteristics of tower line under the action of self-weight and horizontal tension are established. On this basis, the beam element is selected to simulate the tower, the tension element to simulate the transmission line and the rigid rod to simulate the insulator string. The finite element model is established through the finite element software MIDAS GEN, which simulated the dynamic characteristics of the transmission tower and transmission line. Based on the elastic-plastic increment method and elastic modulus reduction method, the ultimate load capacity and failure mode of UHV transmission tower structure are analyzed. Taking the space truss model, space rigid frame model and space beam truss combination model of UHV transmission tower as the object, the differences of the above three UHV transmission tower models are compared. The example analysis shows that the spatial rigid frame model and spatial beam truss composite model of drum transmission tower can reflect the ductile failure property of tower structure, while the calculation result of ultimate load capacity of beam truss composite model is partial to safety. The structural optimization model of UHV transmission tower and the leg optimization model of UHV transmission tower are proposed, and the model is solved with the commercial III solution software CPLEX in Python. Among them, the structural optimization model of transmission tower takes the minimum total weight of the structure as the goal, with the consideration of the strength constraints of the axial force of the rod element and the stability constraints of the axial compression of the rod element, and takes the 10 rod truss structure as an example to effectively verify the effectiveness of the model; The leg optimization model of UHV transmission tower takes the minimum total weight of transmission tower support as the goal, and takes into account the stress constraints, stability constraints, slenderness ratio constraints of member elements, node displacement constraints and angle constraints. Taking the wine cup linear tower as an example, the effectiveness of the model is effectively verified.
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Numerical Analysis of Structural Strength and Safety Characteristics for Subsea tree
(asiri waleed abdullah i, 2023-04-23) Asiri, Waleed; ma, xiao ming
With the development of offshore oil and gas exploration, the number of Subsea trees has increased rapidly, which has become the mainstream model of oil and gas development. Subsea tree has been in the marine environment for a long time, which bearing complex environmental load and working load, and the failure probability is high. What’s more, the structure of subsea tree components is difficult to repair and replace, the damage of its structure will not only affect the normal transmission of oil and gas, but also cause serious marine environmental pollution and ecological disaster. Therefore, in this paper, a set of risk analysis and evaluation method suitable for Subsea tree is proposed, which helps to find the potential risks and weak links before operation. The main contents and innovations of this paper are as follows: The fault data of underwater subsea tree is difficult to statistics, the structural strength and safety characteristics of subsea tree is analyzed by using fuzzy fault tree analysis method, which results to the importance of fuzzy probability of subsea tree system is analyzed. Based on the OREDA database, a fault tree is established for the above fault events of the underwater Subsea tree. "Subsea tree fault" is selected as the top event, which is analyzed from throttling module fault, subsea tree body fault, tubing hanger fault and hydraulic connector fault. In order to further determine the failure mode and its weak links, the safety risk assessment of subsea tree is carried out on the basis of the failure mode of subsea tree and the failure frequency of its subsystem. Analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS) are used to evaluate the multi-index risk of underwater subsea tree leakage scenario. The weight vector of each evaluation index is determined by AHP, and a comprehensive evaluation index system is constructed based on the principle of TOPSIS. Then it is proposed to calculate the comprehensive advantages of internal leakage and external leakage from three aspects: environmental safety, leakage probability and economic loss. The example analysis shows that the risk value of external leakage is higher than that of internal leakage, which indirectly verifies the feasibility and III effectiveness of the proposed comprehensive evaluation index system. Based on the risk assessment of Subsea tree, Bayesian network method is used to analyze the safety characteristics of fault polymorphism, fuzziness and dynamics for underwater subsea tree system and its components. Fuzzy set theory is introduced into Bayesian analysis, which considered the polymorphism of system and component faults and the variation law of failure probability, and this method is applied to the safety characteristic analysis of underwater subsea tree.
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Simulation study on anti-shear performance and structural mechanical response of assembled composite beam
(2023-05-30) Aljuaid, Naif; Tang, Guo Jin
With the development of national economy, the requirements for traffic structure facilities are increasing, which need to meet the increasing demand of traffic load while minimizing the adverse impact on traffic and environment during the construction cycle. The assembled structure not only has the characteristics of energy saving and environmental protection, which can reduce the pollution caused by the construction site during the construction period, but also can guarantee the construction quality and meet the demand of traffic load through factory prefabrication, so the assembled structure has been widely used. The assembled composite girder is a new type of structure in bridge engineering, with good mechanical characteristics, and convenient construction and outstanding economy, which fits well with the concept of sustainable development in China. Steel-concrete composite beam is the main structural form of assembled composite beam. When external load is applied, the upper concrete beam mainly bears the pressure, while the lower steel beam mainly bears the tensile force, which skillfully plays the mechanical characteristics of the material. The concrete beam and the steel beam are connected by shear connectors, which are commonly used in the form of bolted connections. However, it is found in the actual project that the common damage point of the bolted assembled beams in the process of use is near the connectors, so it is necessary to study the shear resistance of the bolted connectors of steel-concrete assembled beams. In addition, the analysis of shear joints as part of the assembled composite beams is not comprehensive for the joints alone. Moreover, steel and concrete beams tend to crack as well as yield during service, so it is also crucial to investigate the mechanical response of the overall and local members of the combined girders under load. In the actual service of the combined girder bridge, the shear joints, as the weak link, often cause local damage not only due to cracking of the anchorage points, but also to local bond failure, resulting in the relative slip of the pins and concrete. Based on the above considerations, this paper investigates the bond slip characteristics of concrete and pinned joints. In this paper, the above problem is investigated by ABAQUS, a large commercial finite 吉林大学硕士学位论文 IV element analysis and computational software, based on the consideration of material nonlinearity and contact nonlinearity. The mechanical response of the shear joints under static and dynamic loading is first analyzed; then the damage pattern, seismic performance and ductility of the shear joints are investigated by combining the peg strength, concrete strength and the friction coefficient between the steel beam and concrete block. In addition, the load and deformation analysis of the overall and local components of the steel-concrete composite beam based on shear connectors is carried out by various external load forms, and the evolution trend of stiffness, energy dissipation and ductility of the composite beam under repeated load is also studied. Based on the above study, the following conclusions are obtained: the damage area of concrete block of bolted composite beam is significantly smaller than that of bolted connection under static load; with the increase of concrete strength level, the damage area of concrete block under the same compressive damage condition gradually decreases, and the damage area is concentrated in the area of bolted or bolted connection. With the increase of friction coefficient between steel beam and concrete block, the damage area of concrete block gradually increases. The damage area of the bolted connection mode is slightly higher than that of the bolted connection mode. And the Mises stress of the shear connection gradually decreases with the increase of the friction coefficient. With the increase of repeated load action time, the stiffness of the combined steel-concrete beam degrades continuously and the overall damage energy dissipation rises continuously. The bond damage at the peg-concrete interface mainly presents three stages, namely elastic stage, elastic-plastic stage and elastic-plastic peeling stage, and the change of load form will lead to different deformation of the structure, which will affect the bond at the peg-concrete interface.
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Study on the Reliability of Steel-Concrete Composite Beams Based on the Third-Order Moment Method
(2023-05-31) Alashoub, Turki; liang, chunyu
Abstract Study on the Reliability of Steel-Concrete Composite Beams Based on the Third-Order Moment Method Steel-concrete structure is a new type of structure developed on the basis of steel structure and reinforced concrete structure. Because of its high strength, good durability, material saving and convenient construction, it has been widely used in the field of bridge engineering. However, because the influencing factors of composite beam resistance are very complex, there are still some problems that need to be further studied and solved in its theoretical design and practical use. Therefore, more and more scholars are studying steel-concrete composite beams. The research on the structural reliability of steel-concrete composite beams in China started late and is still in the development stage. Therefore, the research on the reliability of steel-concrete composite beam structure is carried out, so as to explore an analysis and calculation method with simple calculation process and accurate and reliable results, which is of great significance for the design and analysis of steel-concrete composite beam structure and the reliability evaluation in the use process. Compared with the traditional Monte Carlo simulation method and the first-order second-moment method, this paper uses the third-order moment method with higher calculation accuracy and wider application range to analyze several factors affecting the reliability of steel-concrete composite beams. Then, the reliability performance function based on different theories, different models and different states is established, and the calculation is verified by an example. Finally, Monte Carlo method, FORM method and third-order moment method are used to analyze the sensitivity of the main indexes affecting the flexural performance of composite beams. The main work done in this paper is as follows: III 吉林大学硕士学位论文 (1)The Monte Carlo simulation method(MCS) and the first-order second-moment method including the center point method, the checking point method and the JC method commonly used in reliability calculation are summarized. Combined with the formula derivation and the research status of the two methods, the advantages and disadvantages of the two methods are analyzed and summarized. (2)The calculation process of the reliability calculation method-the third-order moment method is analyzed. Compared with the commonly used first-order second-order moment method, the third-order moment method further considers the third-order moment of the structural performance function, namely the skewness, which can more accurately simulate the performance function image of the structure, and then more accurately calculate the reliability index of the structure. (3)According to the reliability theory, the performance function of the flexural performance of steel-concrete composite beams is established. Taking a steel-concrete composite beam as the research object, according to the load effect of the beam, the resistance of the steel member, the resistance of the concrete member and the resistance of the shear connector are calculated by considering the material performance, geometric parameters and calculation mode. The corresponding reliability index is calculated by the third-order moment method, and the applicability, efficiency and accuracy of the calculation results of the third-order moment method are analyzed. Reliability of bending resistance of normal section ; (4)Based on the performance function model of the test beam, the performance function of the combined component resistance, dead load effect and live load effect is derived. Based on the bearing capacity function based on elastic theory and the bearing capacity function based on plastic theory, the bearing capacity function of steel beam concrete slab and shear connector bearing capacity model are established respectively. Reliability performance function of normal section bending based on mid-span section bending model. The three models established the performance function of the ultimate state of the bearing capacity and the performance function of IV Abstract the normal use limit state, the component resistance, the dead load effect, and the live load effect. (5)The sensitivity analysis of the main indexes affecting the flexural performance of steel-concrete composite beams is carried out by Monte Carlo method, FORM method and third-order moment method respectively. According to the calculation and analysis, it is concluded that the third-order moment method is consistent with the Monte Carlo method with higher accuracy, and the calculation efficiency is significantly improved compared with the Monte Carlo method. It is proved that the third-order moment method is effective for the sensitivity analysis of flexural performance of steel-concrete composite beams. The calculation results show that the web thickness of the composite beam and the grade strength of the steel beam have the greatest influence on the flexural performance of the steel-concrete composite beam, followed by the shear connection strength and the reinforcement ratio, while the concrete strength has only a small influence. Key words：Steel-concrete composite beam; third-order moment method; reliability index; sensitivity analysis
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Research on the Value Analysis of Petroleum Corporation under the Background of Low-Carbon Economy
(2023-06-03) Alotaibi, Abdullziz; Gōng, zhù píng
As an important practitioner of carbon neutralization and carbon peaking, oil enterprises that emit a lot of carbon are expected by the Chinese people to develop into a low-carbon economy. In this context, technical solutions such as increasing investment in emission reduction technologies, participating in carbon trading markets and developing environmentally friendly petroleum products have been gradually adopted by petroleum enterprises, which has also had a certain impact on the petroleum enterprises value. Therefore, it is necessary to study the petroleum enterprises value in the context of low-carbon economy to ensure the healthy and orderly development of petroleum enterprises. The main contents and innovations of this paper are as follows: The oil listed companies are taken as research objects in A shares of Shanghai Stock Exchange of China, which are used for theoretical and empirical analysis on the impact of low-carbon behavior on petroleum enterprise value, based on public financial reports and official news. In terms of theoretical analysis, the low-carbon behavior of petroleum enterprise is defined, and the endogenous and exogenous influencing factors related to enterprise value are further analyzed. In the aspect of empirical analysis, the low carbon economic behavior of oil enterprises is divided into the quality level of carbon information disclosure and low carbon input, and combined with unit root test, model setting form test, Hausman test and regression test, the impact of low carbon behavior of oil enterprises is analyzed. The example analysis shows that in China, the low carbon economic behavior of petroleum enterprise has no significant positive impact on enterprise value, but this may be caused by the promulgation of domestic carbon policy soon, or the imperfect carbon information disclosure system. On this basis, some suggestions are given to the interested parties involved, such as listed oil companies, regulators and investors. In order to further explain the impact of low carbon economic behavior of petroleum enterprise on enterprise value, enterprise value is divided into economic value and low carbon value based on the analysis of positive and negative impacts. For the former, the economic benefits created by low-carbon economic behavior in production and operation are defined as economic value. For the latter, the potential profits for oil enterprises due to carbon reduction are defined as low carbon value. Based on the actual data of a petrochemical enterprise, the calculation example uses the discounted cash flow method and real option method to calculate the economic value and low carbon value. The results show that low carbon economic behavior will promote the accumulation of petroleum enterprise value. The carbon reduction plans of China and Saudi Arabia pose challenges to the energy structure of countries, especially Saudi Arabia, which is highly dependent on oil. In this context, the traditional petroleum enterprise evaluation index system cannot effectively consider the impact of energy conservation and carbon reduction. Therefore, in this paper, we will construct a petroleum enterprise value evaluation index system that considers energy conservation and carbon reduction benefits around product value, customer value, and social value, which can comprehensively reflect the value situation of petroleum enterprises. In order to solve the fuzziness and difficulty in quantification of the indicator system, a combined weighting method for safety risk indicators based on five scale analytic hierarchy process and entropy method is proposed, and then a value evaluation method for petroleum enterprises based on cloud theory is proposed. The multi-level indicator cloud map constructed based on this can take into account the subjective and objective opinions of multiple experts, as well as more sensitively identify the value of high value petroleum enterprises. The calculation example is based on the scores given by six experts on the proposed oil enterprise value evaluation index system, effectively verifying the scientific nature of the proposed method, which is of certain benefit to the evaluation of oil enterprise value in practice.
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Research on Legal Protection of Network Data Rights
(2023-06-12) Alotaibi, Ahlam Talal T; Chen, guang
With the advent of the information age, network data plays a more and more important role in people's daily life. However, while network data creates convenience and value for people, the implied infringement problem behind it also can not be ignored. At present, there is no clear regulation on the right of network data in China's current laws, which leads to the conflict of data interests of all parties in the network, and it is common to see illegal data activities. In order to further standardize the acquisitioned use of network data and create a stable and orderly network data environment, so as to maximize the digital economic value of network data, it is necessary to strengthen the legal protection of network data rights. Firstly, this paper combs and interprets the concepts of network data and network data rights, and then the types and characteristics of network data is defined. It also discusses the subject and object of network data rights, and the nature of network data rights is expounded from three aspects which includes intellectual property rights, personality rights and property rights. Secondly, the current legal provisions on network data rights in China is interpreted, and the typical judicial cases in China is also analyzed. It is concluded that there are three deficiencies in the legal protection of network data rights in China, namely, the fuzzy ownership of network data rights, the limitations of relevant legal provisions, and the lack of exclusive provisions on the acquisition and use of network data. Thirdly, three representative foreign laws are selected for analysis, and the provisions of foreign laws on network data rights are summarized in order to absorb legislative experience. Then two typical network data infringement cases are selected for analysis, and the judicial acts and basis are summarized. In the end, three references are obtained, namely, reasonably dividing the types of network data, comprehensively considering the interests of all parties, and strengthening the self-discipline model of the industry. Finally, this paper puts forward three suggestions on the legal protection of network data rights in China. The first is the legislative protection of network data property rights, which is explained from three aspects including legislative basis and protection mode, legislative principles and legislative content. The second is the standardization of network data use rules, including classification management of network data, use principles of network data and transaction mode of network data. The third is the supervision of network data rights, including establishing a special supervision mechanism, improving the relief mechanism of network data rights, and guiding the self-discipline management of the data industry.
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Experimental study on corrosion resistance of concrete mixed with ceramic powder and fly ash
(Saudi Digital Library, 2023-08-15) Alazmi, Majed; Zhang, Zhu
At present, whether in life or production, the production of ceramics is easy to produce a lot of ceramic waste, it is difficult to deal with ceramic waste. At present, it is difficult to recycle and reuse by burying in the soil. There are a large number of waste ceramics directly placed around the city, which is easy to affect the beauty of the city, and cause the waste of ceramic resources. Ceramic is easy to fracture, and has a certain availability. The demand of concrete is very big in our country, especially in recent years, the demand of cement reaches its peak. Therefore, the further harmless treatment and resource utilization of ceramic waste is still an urgent problem to be solved.The form effect and aggregate effect of fly ash, small surface area, and the reaction between fly ash and highly efficient water reducing agent can reduce the use of water consumption and water-binder ratio, thus improving the strength and durability of concrete. Therefore, it is more appropriate to replace cement with ceramic powder and fly ash in concrete. The research content of this paper mainly includes (1) ceramic grinding, the study of ceramic particle composition, the best ceramic ball milling process and the strength characteristics of ceramic powder (2) through different dosage of ceramic powder and fly ash (ratio of 3: 7) The erosion appearance observation, mass change rate and corrosion resistance coefficient of the reclaimed cement mortar specimen were tested to study the corrosion resistance of the ceramic - fly ash reclaimed concrete. (3) The transport and crystallization process of salt solution in the reclaimed concrete of ceramic fly ash were studied to reveal the corrosion resistance mechanism of the reclaimed concrete of ceramic fly ash. The main research conclusions of this paper are as follows: (1) Firstly, the ceramic block is physically crushed into ceramic particles, and then the ceramic particles are ground into ceramic micro-powder. The optimum process performance is obtained when the speed is 350r/min and the time is 45min. At this time, the specific surface area of the ceramic powder prepared is 7000~8000 cm2/g. The ceramic powder and fly ash (the ratio is 3: 7) Substituted part of cement was mixed into mortar specimens to prepare ceramic powder and fly ash regenerated cement mortar specimens. The strength test of cement mortar was carried out, and the conclusion was drawn that the strength activity was greater than 56% when 30% of ceramic powder and fly ash (ratio of 3:7) were mixed into the same amount of substitute cement without other mineral materials. (2) This study proposed a method to partially replace cement with ceramic powder and fly ash (the ratio is 3:7) to improve the sulfate resistance of concrete, and mixed with 0%, 10%, 20%, 30% ceramic powder and fly ash (the ratio is 3: 7) After 28 days of standard curing, the cement mortar specimen was half-soaked in 5% sodium sulfate solution. With the passage of half-soaking time in sodium sulfate solution, the mass loss rate of the reclaimed cement mortar gradually decreased with the increase of ceramic powder and fly ash content, and the corrosion resistance coefficient of the reclaimed cement mortar first increased and then decreased. Under the condition of constant water-binder ratio, the change of the content of ceramic powder and fly ash has a great influence on the salt crystallization erosion resistance of mortar. The corrosion resistance coefficient of the reclaimed cement mortar group with high content is higher than that of the reclaimed cement mortar group with low content of ceramic powder and fly ash. The reclaimed cement-based material mixed with ceramic powder and fly ash in semi-immersed sodium chloride solution has a higher ability of binding chloride ions. With the passing of curing time of reclaimed cement mortar, the binding chloride ion performance of reclaimed cement-based material decreases. (3) Through the capillary rise and crystallization experiment and capillary water absorption experiment, it is concluded that with the increase of the content of ceramic powder and fly ash, the total porosity, coarse capillary porosity and fine capillary porosity of recycled concrete all decrease with the increase of the content of ceramic powder and fly ash: The capillary rise height and osmotic crystallization rate are linearly related to the capillary porosity, but not linearly independent of the capillary porosity. Therefore, the capillary porosity plays a key role in the capillary transport, migration and crystallization process of sulfate solution in ceramic powder and fly ash recycled concrete. This topic has carried out a large number of experimental studies on the strength characteristics and anti-erosion applications of ceramic powder and fly ash. Firstly, the strength activity of ceramic powder and fly ash into ceramic powder by the grinding process of ceramic particles is studied. Then, the strength change law of the reclaimed mortar specimen of ceramic powder and fly ash under the semi-immersion of salt solution is studied under different mixing quantities. Finally, the anti-erosion mechanism of ceramic powder and fly ash regenerated concrete was obtained through the transport of salt solution in ceramic powder and fly ash regenerated concrete and crystallization process experiment, which proved that ceramic powder and fly ash regenerated micro powder have certain activity, and verified that ceramic powder and fly ash can improve the anti-erosion performance of concrete
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Study on Construction Cost Estimation Framework Based on BIM Technology
(Saudi Digital Library, 2023-08-15) Alazmi, Mohammad; Ping, Liu
BIM, an acronym for Building Information Modelling, is a technology-based strategy that has garnered global recognition for its capacity to transform construction productivity. During the initial stages of construction undertakings, the economic viability and cost analysis wield a substantial influence on project administration and execution. Regrettably, the present cost estimation technique solely takes into account regional information, which results in inaccuracies and the exclusion of other pertinent factors. This thesis introduces a framework for conducting quantitative take-off (QTO) and cost estimation within a BIM environment. The framework includes an approach-based costing tool that addresses cost uncertainty related to the detailed information that defines BIM model element properties. Currently, there are limited available tools that can handle the specifics of QTO and cost estimation using only the BIM platform. Moreover, cost estimators have limited experience in leveraging and managing information within semantic-rich BIM models. The framework aims to manage and quantify unmanaged BIM item parameters as work items to mitigate uncertainties in model-based costing. The approach-based system developed in this thesis helps estimators to perform QTO and cost estimation within a BIM environment. It uses BIM element parameters to drive work elements associated with the parameter host element and captures scope cost not designed into BIM models for the design team. The system comprises four modules, namely Estimating Requirements Defining, Estimating Planning and Structuring, Quantifying and Costing, and Model-Based Historical Costing Data collection. The complete system can generate project cost estimation based on the 3D BIM model. To support this framework, a computational engine has been developed within the current Virtual Design-Build (VDC) model review software. The calculation engine facilitates BIM authoring and BIM data review. A case study was conducted to compare the unit of quantification and cost of the framework to existing methods. The results showed that the model-based system had better costing accuracy than the BIM QTO method and improved speed compared to conventional methods. The framework provides a systematic workflow for performing detailed cost estimation while leveraging the parameters stored in BIM models. Keywords: BIM (building information modeling); construction cost estimation; approach-based construction cost estimation, virtual design build and parameters.
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Study on Reducing Dioxide Carbon Emissions of Rubber from Modified Asphalt Materials
(Saudi Digital Library, 2023-08-15) Alsharari, Fawaz; Fangyuan, Gong
The construction of new asphalt pavements has resulted in the release of greenhouse gases into the atmosphere. However, recent advancements have introduced products like Sasobit®, which can lower asphalt viscosity at lower temperatures compared to conventional mixtures. This temperature reduction has the potential to effectively reduce greenhouse gas emissions. The objective of this study was to evaluate the emissions reduction potential of warm mix asphalt (WMA) compared to hot mix asphalt (HMA) produced at higher temperatures, as well as to assess any improvements in material properties. Additionally, the study aimed to determine the economic benefits associated with producing mixtures at lower temperatures. To conduct the study, emissions testing was performed on pure asphalt and asphalt mixes. Samples of HMA and WMA were mixed and compacted to evaluate material properties. Three different mixes were tested: HMA with 7.3% asphalt, WMA with 7.3% asphalt and 1% Sasobit® (by mass of asphalt), and WMA with 6.8% asphalt and 1% Sasobit® (by mass of asphalt). Emission tests were carried out using Drager test equipment, including flasks, ovens, a Drager pump, and Drager tubes. The Drager pump required 10 full strokes to measure carbon dioxide (CO2), and the concentration of CO2 in parts per million (ppm) was indicated by the color change in the tube. Preliminary testing was conducted on emissions from pure asphalt to establish a testing procedure since no existing standards were available. The emissions testing involved approximately sixty grams of WMA and HMA asphalt mixtures, as well as approximately twenty-five grams of pure asphalt. The three asphalt mixtures were subjected to tests under controlled conditions and aged to evaluate their material properties according to standards set by the American Society for Testing and Materials. The tests included analysis of bulk specific gravity, theoretical maximum density, and indirect tensile strength to determine volumetric and mechanical properties. The volumetric properties assessed were the percentage of air voids, adsorption, and effective asphalt content. After comprehensive testing and analysis of the three asphalt mixes, it was concluded that the addition of Sasobit® as an additive in WMA yielded positive results. The changes in material properties led to stronger and more durable asphalt mixes, as well as an extended paving season. By incorporating Sasobit®, the production temperature of HMA could be lowered by 20°C, potentially resulting in a reduction of up to 43.9% in annual carbon dioxide emissions from the asphalt industry. This reduction VI encompasses emissions from both fuel usage and the asphalt materials used in hot mix asphalt production. Furthermore, the lower temperature requirement for Sasobit® asphalt mixes could generate energy cost savings exceeding $69 million. The environmental impact of utilizing Sasobit® asphalt mixes in the industry is significant. By reducing greenhouse gas emissions from asphalt mixing materials and production energy, it has the potential to contribute to the improvement of the Earth's atmosphere. The study estimated that annually, the use of Sasobit® could prevent 3.774 million tons of carbon dioxide emissions from asphalt mixing materials and production energy. Over a span of ten years, this would amount to preventing 37.74 million metric tons of carbon dioxide emissions. It is crucial for the asphalt industry to prioritize its environmental impact, and the incorporation of Sasobit® into asphalt mixes represents a promising step in that direction
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The Role of Neurovascular Formation in Dental Pulp Regeneration
(Saudi Digital Library, 2023-12-27) Basabrain, Mohammed; Zhang, Chengfei
The dental pulp is a highly vascularized and innervated connective tissue located within the root canal space, encased by impermeable root canal walls. These walls restrict blood supply via a single apical opening. In cases where pulp infection or inflammation arises due to caries, dental trauma, or operative procedures, it could develop into irreversible pulpitis or pulp necrosis. Traditionally, damaged pulp is removed and replaced with synthetic materials. Recently, regenerative endodontic procedures (REPs) have been implemented clinically with a high success rate. However, histological assessments reveal that the newly formed tissue primarily comprises cellular cementum, osseous-like, and periodontal-like tissues rather than actual dentin/pulp complex. Pursuing innovative regenerative strategies to reproduce natural functional pulp-like tissue is crucial in endodontic research. Recognizing that neurovascular niches can incite mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) proliferation and differentiation and encourage their involvement in pulp tissue repair and regeneration, integrating angiogenesis/vasculogenesis and neurogenesis is advantageous for dental pulp regeneration. Stem cells from the apical papilla (SCAPs) are recognized for their multipotency and ability to differentiate into neuronal, endothelial, and smooth muscle cells. These attributes make them a potential singular source of cells for pulp angiogenesis and neurogenesis. Therefore, the objectives of this project are to: (1) optimize methods for neuronal cell differentiation from SCAPs; (2) evaluate the neuroregenerative potential of neuronally induced SCAP (iSCAP) spheroids under various microenvironments in a pulp-on-chip system; (3) explore iSCAP spheres, human umbilical vascular endothelial cells (HUVECs), and SCAPs interactions on neurogenesis and vasculogenesis. Three studies, accompanied by a scoping review, have been concluded. The initial study assessed whether forming 3D spheres could enhance SCAP neurogenic potential. The subsequent research used a pulp-on-chip system to explore the neuroregenerative potential of SCAP-derived neuronal cell spheroids under various microenvironments. The final study investigated the interactions between neuronally induced SCAP (iSCAP) spheres, SCAPs, and HUVECs, focusing on vasculogenesis and neurogenesis. From the scoping review, several conclusions were drawn: dental spheres possess great potential in neural regeneration; using multiple assays and associated characterizations provides a better understanding of the mechanism of sphere enhancement on dental stem cell neural differentiation; in vivo, studies are essential for validating the treatment for neurodegenerative diseases. Our in vitro studies concluded that the formation of 3D spheres enhances the neurogenic potential of SCAPs, illustrating the benefits of using 3D SCAP spheres for treating neural diseases. Furthermore, local microenvironments play a critical role in regulating the neuroregenerative potential of SCAP-derived neuronal spheroids. Lastly, spheres formed by iSCAP interact with SCAPs and HUVECs, facilitating vasculogenesis and neurogenesis. In conclusion, SCAPs are a valuable source for neural regeneration. SCAP neural potentials could be enhanced by sphere formation and are meticulously regulated by the surrounding local microenvironments. Co-culturing iSCAP spheres with SCAPs and HUVECs could promote vasculogenesis and neurogenesis, which holds a promising potential for advancements in regenerative endodontics.
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Sting Active Vibration Control in Wind Tunnel
(Nanjing University of Aeronautics & Astronaut, 2024) Ali, Faisal; Xing, Shen; Xing, Shen
The proposal examines the impact of active vibration control with feedback control to reduce or eliminate unwanted vibrations in a system actively with development and experimental evaluation. controlled separately by both PID and BP neural network and make comparisons by MATLAB software's. thorough Laboratory with vibrations in the sting can affect the accuracy and repeatability of the test results, so active vibration control can be used to improve the performance of the wind tunnel.
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The Influence of Comprehensive Feasibility Analysis on the Success of Small and Medium- Sized Enterprises (SMEs) in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
(University of International Business and Economics, 2024) Albogami, Seeta; Chen, Song
Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises (SMEs) are widely recognized as the backbone of economies around the world, playing a crucial role in job creation, economic diversification, and innovation. Despite their significance, SMEs often face numerous challenges that hinder their success and growth. This is particularly true in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA), where the economic landscape is undergoing significant transformations. In this context, understanding the factors that influence SME success becomes even more critical. One potentially powerful tool for enhancing SME success is the implementation of a comprehensive feasibility analysis. This analysis involves a systematic evaluation of a business idea across various domains, including market, technical, financial, and legal/regulatory aspects. By thoroughly assessing the viability of a business venture and identifying potential challenges, a comprehensive feasibility analysis can equip entrepreneurs with valuable insights to make informed decisions and increase their chances of success. This study explores how a thorough feasibility analysis impacts the success of small and medium-sized enterprises in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The study seeks to investigate the correlation between this technique and several success measures, such as financial performance, growth rate, job creation, and economic contribution, in order to fill the current information gap. The examination will utilize a sample size of 60 SMEs that operate in diverse sectors within KSA. The autonomous variable in this study is the comprehensive feasibility analysis, while the dependent variable is the prosperity of SMEs. Success will be gauged through indicators such as financial performance, growth rate, job generation, and contribution to the economy. The research will employ both primary and secondary methods of data collection. The collection of primary data will be facilitated through the distribution of structured questionnaires among owners and managers of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). On the other hand, relevant literature, reports, and publications about SMEs and feasibility analysis in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) will serve as the sources of secondary data. Data analysis will involve using statistical techniques, such as regression analysis, to determine the relationship between a thorough feasibility investigation and the success of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). This research will provide vital insights into the importance of doing a thorough feasibility analysis for small and medium enterprises in Saudi Arabia and how it affects their overall success.
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《针对沙特阿拉伯中高级汉语水平学习者的中国文化教学研究》
(UNIVERSITY OF INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS AND ECONOMICS, 2024) ALTAMIMI, TAHANI; 导师是韩潇老师
针对沙特阿拉伯中高级汉语水平学习者的中国文化教学研究
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The Impact of Total Quality Management Practice on The Operational Performance of Saudi Arabian Petrochemical Firms
(Hunan University, 2024) Alkhaibari , Abdulmuttalib Mohammed A; Yuan, Shanmi
This study comprehensively examines the impact of Total Quality Management (TQM) practices on the operational performance of petrochemical firms in Saudi Arabia, integrating both qualitative and quantitative research methods. It delves into the unique cultural, economic, and industrial landscape of the region to assess how TQM practices are tailored and implemented within these firms and their influence on operational outcomes. The research is anchored in an extensive literature review that lays the foundation for a theoretical model, addressing the integration of TQM within the specific context of Saudi Arabia's petrochemical sector. Utilizing a structured survey method, the study gathers data from 250 companies, achieving 200 valid responses, which are then rigorously analyzed. The empirical phase of the research employs statistical techniques to explore the relationships between various TQM elements and operational performance. Key findings reveal that process management and measurement, analysis, and improvement are critical TQM elements exerting the most significant direct effects on corporate performance. In contrast, customer and market factors have a substantial indirect impact, followed by strategic elements. The study highlights the essential role of human resource management, process control, and quality breakthroughs in enhancing the quality systems of petrochemical enterprises. This research contributes to the theoretical understanding of TQM in a specific industrial context, highlighting the importance of leadership support, strategic planning, and customer-centric approaches for effective TQM implementation. It provides actionable insights for practitioners in the petrochemical industry, emphasizing the need for comprehensive and scientifically grounded TQM projects. Keywords: Total Quality Management; Petrochemical Industry; Operational Performance; Saudi Arabian Firms; Process Management; Quality Improvement
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AN ANALYSIS ON THE PROBLEMS AND CAUSES OF PERFORMANCE MANAGEMENT IN SAUDI AUTHORITIES FROM THE VIEW OF ORGANIZATIONAL SUPPORT AND JUSTICE
(University of International Business and Economics, 2024-05-01) Aldawsari, Ohud; Chunrui, Wang
Organizational work is an important factor that affects the performance of employees. This thesis takes government authorities as an example to analyze the influence of organizational mode on employee work performance, and then provides a basis for improving the work performance of employees in government authorities. This thesis first constructs the hypothesis and model between organizational style and employee work performance by combing through relevant concepts and theories. The second part analyzes the organizational methods of authority and the current situation of employee performance based on case studies, and sorts out some existing problems. A large amount of first-hand data were obtained through questionnaire survey and the organization mode of authority compounds and the work performance of employees was quantitatively studied. Organizational culture has become one of the topics that receives great attention in the fields of organizational behavior Human resources management is considered as one of the main determinants of the success or failure of organizations. It expresses the pattern of general behavior and rules of behavior that workers within the organization are convinced of and adopt in their dealings. It includes rituals and practices that are established over time to form ways of thinking and ways of doing work and adopting them. The decisions and the principle by which they work. It expresses the values and behaviors of employees that are felt by those dealing with the organization. The most important recommendations were the need to pay attention to the administrative polices adopted to keep pace with the aspirations and goals of employees and to be based on scientific and technical foundations and the participation of employees in developing policies related to improving performance. Finally, on the basis of summarizing the above issues, in view of the current situation of the staff performance of authority in Saudi Arabia, the thesis explores the interaction between organizational relationship and staff performance, and finally point out the corresponding improvement plan
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Impact of Strategic Knowledge Management Practices on ERP Systems in Saudi Arabia Business Organizations
(Hunan University, 2024-06-15) Baslom, Mohammed Majdy M; Shu, Tong
Many organizations are currently implementing enterprise resource planning (ERP) to address their operational challenges. Despite its appeal, ERP implementation is fraught with obstacles and complications, particularly in developing nations. Recent studies indicate that the implementation of EM-ERP has significantly enhanced production, services, revenues, and employee well-being. Both developed and developing nations have witnessed the emergence of novel management levels and innovative concepts. The "Saudi Vision 2030" initiative is a significant national undertaking with substantial economic implications for Saudi Arabia. Knowledge management (KM) is assuming new, crucial responsibilities in advancing the industrial business environment, especially in the face of globalization and intense corporate competition. Organizations are increasingly focusing on the development and application of knowledge as a strategic asset. In 2017, the industrial sector contributed approximately 45% of Saudi Arabia's gross domestic product (GDP), a figure expected to rise as KM-ERP programs are integrated into Saudi business organizations, particularly in the manufacturing sector. This Dissertation investigates the critical factors influencing the adoption of ERP systems for effective KM in the Saudi Arabian manufacturing sector. The study aims to determine how KM can be utilized as a strategic resource to optimize ERP systems, consequently enhancing organizational competitiveness. Additionally, it assesses the role of support teams, providing a novel perspective on how human resources and team interactions can substantially influence ERP and KM processes. The integration of ERP systems and KM is essential for improving the performance, efficiency, and competitiveness of industrial businesses in Saudi Arabia. ERP systems automate and integrate business operations, including human resources, accounting, inventory, production, and sales. KM connects the generation, dissemination, and implementation of knowledge within an organization to achieve its goals. Thus, it is crucial for manufacturing companies to develop and implement contemporary strategies. Given the global impact of AI on research and implementation, expanding Saudi Arabia's research program is vital. By monitoring and analyzing data from machinery and shop floor processes, manufacturers can detect patterns to predict or prevent malfunctions. ERP systems are critical digital infrastructures that link operations throughout manufacturing enterprises. With the rapid development of AI capabilities, ERP platforms are poised for transformation. The integration of intelligent features can provide unprecedented connectivity, visibility, efficiency, and insight, revolutionizing the manufacturing sector in Saudi Arabia and enhancing the nation's economic status. This investigation achieves several essential contributions. First, it identifies critical factors influencing the success or failure of an ERP-KM environment within Saudi Arabian manufacturing organizations. The study focuses on organizational learning readiness, change management, ERP adoption scenarios, and KM methods used by Saudi enterprises. Second, it integrates information management and decision-making by examining knowledge alignment, collaboration, and communication. The study uses quantitative methods, including logistic regression and partial least squares SEM, followed by CFA and structural model assessment using Python. Third, it evaluates the impact of ERP and KM systems on support teams within business organizations, quantifying this impact with statistical metrics such as goodness of fit, R-squared, Chi-square, RMSEA, CFI, and TLI. The study identifies adoption barriers and explores how social, political, economic, and cultural factors influence KM and ERP implementation. Lastly, the research implements the PLS-SEM model and demonstrates that strategic business information distribution significantly impacts AI awareness in KM. It highlights the necessity of instruction and training in novel technologies and examines the role of learning environments and AI awareness in organizational structures. By exploring interdepartmental collaboration and information exchange, it provides a comprehensive perspective on organizational dynamics impacting ERP and KM systems. Incorporating strategic KM practices into the ERP systems of Saudi Arabian manufacturing companies will optimize ERP capabilities and reveal both financial and non-financial benefits. This Dissertation contributes to organizational learning readiness, change management, and technological adoption, providing insights into the optimization of ERP and KM systems in Saudi Arabia.
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Optimizing HTGR Spherical Fuel Element Manufacture Technology through Dispersion Fuel Press Processing
(Tsinghua University, 2024-06-25) Alqarni, Reem; Liu, Bing
This thesis presents an in-depth analysis of the dispersion fuel press process for High- Temperature Gas-Cooled Reactors (HTGRs), focusing on optimizing key parameters that influence the quality and performance of HTGR fuel elements. Through comprehensive simulations performed utilizing COMSOL Multiphysics(FEM), this study systematically investigates the effects of pressing pressure and TRISO-coated particle count on the stress during the pressing process of spherical fuel elements. The research is structured into two main phases. The first phase examines the impact of applying varying pressures (20 to 35 MPa) on graphite powder within a rubber mold, emphasizing the necessity of achieving uniform compaction and material integrity. The second phase extends the investigation to incorporating TRISO-coated particles, analyzing how varying counts of these particles (ranging from 8000 to 20000) affect stress distri- bution, displacement, and volumetric strain within the fuel spheres. These simulations provide critical insights into optimizing the dispersion fuel press process, highlighting the balance between pressure application and particle count for enhancing fuel element fabrication. Key findings reveal that precise control and uniform application of pressure are cru- cial for ensuring the desired compaction and structural integrity of fuel spheres. Moreover, the study demonstrates that an optimized distribution of TRISO particles significantly in- fluences the mechanical behavior and resilience of the fuel elements, offering pathways to improve fuel performance and reactor eﬀiciency. The research outcomes contribute valuable guidelines for the design, optimization, and manufacturing of HTGR fuel ele- ments, proposing advancements that could enhance the safety, eﬀiciency, and reliability of nuclear reactors. This thesis underscores the importance of meticulous parameter optimization in HTGR fuel fabrication, providing a foundation for future research and development in nuclear fuel technology. By advancing our understanding of the dispersion fuel press process, this work aims to contribute to the nuclear energy sector’s efforts to develop safer, more eﬀicient, and sustainable reactors.
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