SACM - Bahrain
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Item Restricted .................(Saudi Digital Library) نازك علي آل سعيد; ..........227 0Item Restricted A Novel Strategy for Treating Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Head and Neck with Nano encapsulated Drugs Based on Thermosensitive Delivery System(Saudi Digital Library, 2023-07-03) Alghamdi, Maha Ali S; Greishk, Khaled; Bakhietk, Moiz; Haider, MohamedCurrent therapeutics for treatment of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) are plagued by severe side effects. Local drug delivery for HNSCC has emerged as a more effective and safe treatment strategy. Lauric acid (LA) is saturated fatty acid that demonstrated many beneficial therapeutic features. This study aimed to explore a novel use of LA as injectable thermosensitive drug carrier for anticancer drugs for treatment of HNSCC. LA was characterized in terms of melting temperature and gelation time. Micellar formulations Styrene Maleic Acid (SMA) of gefitinib (G), cisplatin (CDDP) and doxorubicin (DOXO) were synthesized and characterized. We further tested the anticancer efficacy of the different formulations in LA in vitro in HNSCC cell line as well as in vivo in mice model of HNSCC. LA used in this study was modified to achieve a melting temperature of 38.7° C and a gelation temperature at 37.7° C within 40 seconds. All the micellar formulations had negative charge with the molecular size of 155 ± 77 nm for G-SMA micelles, CDDP-SMA size was 174.2 ± 87 nm, and DOXO-SMA size was 127.2 ± 89 nm. Drug-loaded LA systems showed slow release with maximum release of 32% at 3 days. LA demonstrated in vivo biocompatibility and biodegradability after 1 month follow up. The addition of LA to both free and micellar drugs in vitro enhanced its cytotoxic effect except for G. LA delivery system improved the safety of chemotherapeutics used in the study, when injected in mice model of HNSCC. LA loaded with chemotherapeutics formulations abolished tumor progression and further reduced the original tumor volume significantly over one month of treatment compared to almost 4-fold increase in tumor volume in untreated control groups. This study proves the value of LA delivery system for local delivery of chemotherapeutics and offers safe, simple, and effective strategy for the delivery of clinically relevant anticancer hydrophobic drugs.29 0Item Restricted A Pilot Study for Detection of the Incidence of Inherited Metabolic Disorders among Newborns in the Kingdom of Bahrain(Saudi Digital Library) DALYA ABDULELAH S ALAMOUDI; Dr. Jamal Golbahar and Dr. Wassim Almawi0 0Item Restricted Assay Development for the Detection of FGF23 Mutations That Cause Familial Tumoral Calcinosis by Amplification Refractory Mutation System (ARMS)(Saudi Digital Library, 2011) Alghamdi, Manal Abdullah; Shawar, SaidHyperphosphatemic Familial tumoral calcinosis (HFTC) is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by hyperphosphatemia and the presence of ectopic or other periarticular calcifications around major joints.The disease is caused mainly by Fibroblast growth factor-23 (FGF-23) loss-of-function. Seven mutations throughout the FGF23 gene (H41Q, Q54K, S71G, M96T, G123W, S129F, and S129P) have been identified as pathogenic mutations in HFTC patients.So far, DNA sequence analysis is the only method for detection of these mutations. For this purpose, we report a rapid and efficient method using amplification refractory mutation system (ARMS) that can be used for the primary genetic diagnosis of HFTC. Human FGF23 exons were cloned into plasmid to perform in vitro site-directed mutagenesis. We generated the different mutants and confirmed each one of them by DNA sequencing. We optimized the conditions for ARMS-PCR and tested each mutant. Finally, we validated S129F mutant by testing 10 patient’s from a clan with HFTC. Seven different mutations in FGF-23 known to causes HFTC have been successfully generated using In vitro site-directed mutagenesis. And the mutated sequences were confirmed by DNA sequence analysis. We designed ARMS specific primers to identify each of these mutations and we optimized the conditions needed to run ARMS-PCR. And To validate our designed method, we tested ten patients from two different family clinically diagnosed with HFTC. Our results indicate the successful use of this method in the detection of FGF23 mutation. The development of rapid and simplified methods of diagnosis of HFTC is important to improve the prognosis of the disease. Early identification of the carriers and the affected of the disorder can provided a proper genetic counseling and therapy. Here, we reported rapid, simple, and inexpensive method for diagnosis HFTC.48 0Item Restricted Assessment of The Water-Energy Nexus in The Municipal Water Sector: A Case Study of Eastern Province, Saudi Arabia(Saudi Digital Library, 2016) Almutrafi, Homoud Noweran ; Zubari, Waleed; Elsadek, Alaa; Alsayed, IbrahimWhen it comes to water and energy, it is hard to have one without the other. Water is required to produce energy and energy is necessary in water production and management. This water-energy interrelation ―Nexus‖ was investigated and discussed in Saudi Arabia using the Eastern Province as a case study. The Eastern Province water-energy nexus was assessed within the municipal sector focusing on the electric energy footprint in water value chain (groundwater, desalination and wastewater treatment ―WWT‖) and water footprint in electric energy generation (thermal power plants). The study aimed to shed light on the Eastern Province current nexus circumstances and conditions using the year of 2013. The study revealed that the Eastern Province is highly dependent on energy for water provision. Similarly, its energy dependency on fresh water resources is also major and evident although it decreases as we move closer to coastal areas. Thermal desalination is by far the most energy intensive stage among the entire Eastern Province water cycle. In 2013, it was estimated that desalination occupied 13% of the Eastern Province energy generation capacity and 5% of the Kingdom capacity. Substantial energy input in desalination in the Eastern Province is attributed to the provision and conveyance of water to the capital Riyadh (desalination; transmission). As for groundwater pumping it was estimated that 206.2 GWH was used for pumping (268 MCM) in 2013. WWT primary, secondary and tertiary energy requirement was revealed to be the least (2-108 GWH). On the other hand, water footprint in electricity generation was estimated to be at an average of 739307.5 m 3 in 2013 (0.125 m3 /kWh) and is relatively high compared with the norm of gas combustion turbine cooling water requirement around the world. Anthropogenic Greenhouse Gases (GHG) emission mainly in the form of CO2 was computed to be around 17 Million Ton of carbon dioxide equivalent (CO2e) for the entire water supply chain. Again, desalination had highest carbon footprint throughout the whole water cycle (16.9 MT of CO2e). Nevertheless, carbon emissions from electric energy generation through power plants had significantly exceeded the entire water supply chain’s carbon footprint. Finally, alternative mitigation options of management and technologies fixe were reviewed and suggested to reduce energy consumption in water cycle, minimize the water footprint in electric generation and mitigate associated GHG emission12 0Item Restricted Business Process Improvement Using Lean Methodology and Value Stream Mapping(Saudi Digital Library, 2010) Gharamah, Abdulrahman Abdullah; Alsultanny, Yas; Alabduljabbar, ShakerMany organizations obtain the latest technology and hire skillful staff in order to deliver services to their valued customer. There are three Critical Success Factors (CSF) that are essential for the success of any organization. These factors are technology, people and process. They work together to provide quality service and sustain performance. Organizations should ensure these elements are there to improve services quality and delivery. Organizations should step back and analyze their CSFs and investigate which ones require improvement. The thesis studied one of the data centers that facilitate computing hosting infrastructure and its related components such as network, power supply and storage. There was a gradual degradation in efficiency as technology changed dramatically from legacy mainframe to client server architecture. This research focused on evaluating one of the provided services which is Windows-based servers’ commissioning process. The process was examined to explore its defects and remove non-value added activities from it in order to improve its service delivery. Lean methodology and Value Stream Mapping (VSM) tool were used to analyze the current state (“As-Is process”) and develop the future state (“To-Be process”). The data of this research was collected from a leading Saudi Arabian company, by using sample records from its Online Service Request (OSR) tracking system and by applying Lean methodology via conducting several Lean events. Nine Lean events were held with 18 Subject Matter Experts (SME) to analyze the current state (“As-Is process”), identify waste and develop the future state (To-Be process”). Lean techniques such as Fishbone, Supply Input Process Output Customer (SIPOC), Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA), 5 Whys and Minitab statistical tool were used to identify the root causes of waste in the current state. Two types of wastes were indentified waiting time waste and inventory waste. The study enabled a detailed analysis of Windows-based server commissioning process. The results showed that the target deployment time for server commissioning was not achieved. One of the important results of this study showed how the Lean and value stream mapping improved the process of Windows-based servers commissioning time by reducing two types of waste; waiting time and inventory waste. The thesis details recommendations to achieve these results.30 0Item Restricted Comparative Analysis of Open Innovation Practices and Adoption Barriers in SMEs and Large Companies in Riyadh Second Industrial City(Saudi Digital Library) AMAL SALEH A ALDULAIGAN; Prof. Dr. Odeh Al-Jayyousi & Dr. Afaf Bugawa6 0Item Restricted Detection of the Advanced Persistent Threat Attack Using Traffic Analysis and Machine Learning Technique(Saudi Digital Library, 2023-06-06) AlZuabi, Wafa; AlOmary, AlauddinThe prevalence of Information and Communication (ICT) technology has the major hurdle of cyber threats that appear in the form of viruses, worms, trojans, and malware. These threats hamper the performance of systems and result in financial and strategic losses for organizations and countries. Advanced Persistent Threat (APT) is a major threat which is differentiated from normal cyber threats due to its specially crafted design, capability to maneuver silently and keep internal communication confidential using encryption. The affected organizations remain reluctant to release their log data and audit reports because of the apprehension of revealing the internal physical system layout. All these facts combined make the detection of APTs a challenging task. This research proposes a two-step APT detection model based on an unsupervised machine-learning technique of clustering and the Markov Stat-transition model. The first step is the detection of abnormal activity in the data. The second step is the verification of the attack using a state-condition model. The first step uses clustering to identify data values falling outside the clusters. The second step, the verification step, uses a state-transition model that verifies the abnormal behavior by identifying the system in an unknown state. This verification is counter-checked by the statistical analysis results. The NSL-KDD data set is used for the detection of four different attacks. The performance of supervised machine learning classifiers is also evaluated for prediction accuracy. The performance of these classifiers is based on the accuracy of data labeling. Decision tree and KNN classifiers provided the best accuracy values. It is found that the proposed two-step detection approach identifies unknown APT attacks with 93.75% accuracy. The solution can be used as a generic APT detection system that can be applied to different scenarios77 0Item Restricted Determinants of Giftedness within the Family as Indicators of Creative Thinking and Creative Personality among Gifted Students in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia(Arabian Gulf University, 2024) ALjohani, Hind Sweileh Hamdan; عبدالحميد، علاء الدين; العباسي، أحمدThe aim of the research is to identify the significance of the differences in the creative product, the creative process, trends and values towards creativity and the creative personality among gifted students due to family factors and extracurricular activities, and to determine the predictive ability of family factors and extracurricular activities in the creative product, the creative process, trends and values towards creativity and the creative personality. The descriptive approach was used, and the research sample consisted of (190) gifted secondary school students in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, who were selected using the available sample method from several different schools and regions, namely the Medina region, the Qassim region, the Riyadh region, and the Eastern region. The sample distribution according to the family size variable was (41.6%) of small size, (39.5%) medium size, and (18.9%) large size, and the distribution of the study sample according to the birth order variable was the highest percentage in the middle order with (56.8%) ), then in last place with a rate of (24.7%). The distribution of the sample according to the variable of the father’s educational level was concentrated at the university level at a rate of (63.2%), and according to the variable of the mother’s educational level it was concentrated at the university level at a rate of (70.0%). The majority of the sample resided with their parents (87.4%). The research used the Divergent Thinking Scale, the Creative Activities and Achievements Scale, and the How to Describe Yourself Scale. The results showed that the family size variable was able to predict the level of creative product among students. The birth order variable was able to statistically significantly predict the level of creative product, the level of fluency, the level of flexibility, and the level of creative personality. The variable of the father's educational level was able to predict statistically significantly the level of the creative process, and the variable of the mother's educational level was able to predict statistically significantly the level of the creative personality. It was also shown that extracurricular activities during study and summer extracurricular activities were able to predict statistically significantly the level of creative product, and that the variable of extracurricular activities during study was able to predict statistically significantly the level of creative personality among gifted students, and that the variable summer extracurricular activities was able to predict the level of fluency and the level of flexibility. . Based on the results, the research recommended increasing interest in building training programs in the areas of creative thinking and creative personality for gifted students in Saudi schools, and increasing interest in school extracurricular activities and summer extracurricular activities provided to gifted students. Keywords: creative thinking, creative personality, gifted students, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.18 0Item Restricted Determinants of Giftedness within the Family as Indicators of Creative Thinking and Creative Personality among Gifted Students in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia(Arabian Gulf University, 2024-02-25) ALjohani, Hind; Ayoub, Alaa Eldin; Alabbasi, AhmedThe aim of the research is to identify the significance of the differences in the creative product, the creative process, trends and values towards creativity and the creative personality among gifted students due to family factors and extracurricular activities, and to determine the predictive ability of family factors and extracurricular activities in the creative product, the creative process, trends and values towards creativity and the creative personality. The descriptive approach was used, and the research sample consisted of (190) gifted secondary school students in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, who were selected using the available sample method from several different schools and regions, namely the Medina region, the Qassim region, the Riyadh region, and the Eastern region. The sample distribution according to the family size variable was (41.6%) of small size, (39.5%) medium size, and (18.9%) large size, and the distribution of the study sample according to the birth order variable was the highest percentage in the middle order with (56.8%) ), then in last place with a rate of (24.7%). The distribution of the sample according to the variable of the father’s educational level was concentrated at the university level at a rate of (63.2%), and according to the variable of the mother’s educational level it was concentrated at the university level at a rate of (70.0%). The majority of the sample resided with their parents (87.4%). The research used the Divergent Thinking Scale, the Creative Activities and Achievements Scale, and the How to Describe Yourself Scale. The results showed that the family size variable was able to predict the level of creative product among students. The birth order variable was able to statistically significantly predict the level of creative product, the level of fluency, the level of flexibility, and the level of creative personality. The variable of the father's educational level was able to predict statistically significantly the level of the creative process, and the variable of the mother's educational level was able to predict statistically significantly the level of the creative personality. It was also shown that extracurricular activities during study and summer extracurricular activities were able to predict statistically significantly the level of creative product, and that the variable of extracurricular activities during study was able to predict statistically significantly the level of creative personality among gifted students, and that the variable summer extracurricular activities was able to predict the level of fluency and the level of flexibility. . Based on the results, the research recommended increasing interest in building training programs in the areas of creative thinking and creative personality for gifted students in Saudi schools, and increasing interest in school extracurricular activities and summer extracurricular activities provided to gifted students.50 0Item Restricted Dynamic Feature Location Framework for Software Project(University of Bahrain, 2024-08) Buzaid, Faisal; Albalooshi, FawziThe Dynamic Feature Location Techniques (DFLTs) aim to automate the process of identifying the source code responsible for executing specific features within software systems. Manual implementation of DFLTs is time-consuming and demanding for developers, leading to the proposal of semi-automated approaches. One common approach involves generating execution traces by executing multiple scenarios for each software feature and then mapping the corresponding source code based on these traces. However, the execution traces are often large and contain irrelevant data to the software feature, requiring solutions to reduce their size and the eliminate irrelevant data. One such solution involves minimizing the number of scenarios needed to exercise a software feature, but little work has been done in this area. To address this gap, a generic framework called Aggregation of Execution Traces to Formulate a Scenario (AETFS) is introduced in this work. AETFS leverages runtime software output and employs textual analysis techniques to extract relevant data from the execution trace for scenario creation. It explores textual analysis, including topic modeling, as a means to select accurate scenarios for DFLTs. The performance of AETFS is characterized in terms of execution trace granularity, enabling the identification of meaningful terms that can filter the execution trace using textual analysis techniques such as Latent Semantic Indexing (LSI). The evaluation encompasses eight subject systems with 600 features, making it more extensive than previous studies. The study identifies certain attributes of execution traces and text queries that impact AETFS’s performance. Two distinct groups emerge, one achieving superior Feature Location (FL) using AETFS and the other achieving better FL using a conventional baseline method. Combining AETFS with the baseline method significantly enhances performance, with the top results surpassing the baseline by 45% and the lowest by 12% over AETFS. In conclusion, this work highlights the importance of rigorously characterizing the proposed DFLTs framework to identify optimal scenarios for exercising software features. It emphasizes the need to differentiate between scenarios and their characterizations to generate necessary insights. The findings demonstrate the effectiveness of AETFS while providing valuable insights for further advancements in the field of DFLTs.1 0Item Restricted Effect of the Carbon Sources on Biosurfactants Production by Bacteria Isolated from Industrial Wastewater and Soil Polluted with Lubricating Oil(Saudi Digital Library) FATIMA SADIQ A ALKHALIFA; Dr. Wael Ahmed El Moslimany1 0Item Restricted Evaluation of IT Help Desk Services, Technologies, and User Satisfaction in General Authority of Civil Aviation, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia(Saudi Digital Library) HASSAN AHMAD T AL MAHDI; Dr. Yas A. Alsultanny0 0Item Restricted Expression and Characterization of Human EGFR L2 and CR2 Domains using the Escherichia coli(Saudi Digital Library) NARIMAN ABDULKAREEM S ALMUSTAFA; Dr. Mohammed Dahmani Fathallah0 0Item Restricted Expression and Characterization of Recombinant Human Interferon Beta using the Escherichia coli Origami B and BL21 Strains(Saudi Digital Library) REHAB IBRAHIM MOHAMMED ALSAHFY; Dr. MohamedDahmani Fathallah Dr. Sonia Bourguiba-Hachemi0 0Item Restricted Expression in E. coli and Characterization of a recombinant form of the SARS-COV-2 Virus Receptor Binding Domain(Saudi Digital Library, 2022-10-24) AL-Ghamdi, Khulud K; Fathallah, Mohamed Dahmani; Khalaf, NoureddineFollowing the outbreak of the COVID19 pandemic caused by the SARS-Cov-2 corona virus, it became urgent to understand the immune response to this emergent new virus. Therefore, it is important to develop Biological Tools for the investigation of the human immune response to this viral infection. The development of such tools requires the availability of large number of viral antigens. The present study is the first step for developing the production of one of SARS COV-2 major antigens namely, the virus Receptor Binding Domain [S-RBD], which is a structural entity of the Spike protein that the virus uses to recognize and infect the host cells. The bacterial strain Escherichia Coli was used to produce a recombinant form of the SARS CoV-2 RBD domain protein that can ultimately be used to investigate the antiviral Humoral immune response. For detecting and quantifying our protein, an Indirect ELISA assay was used. Our results suggest a positive binding of S-RBD antigen with antibodies in the Serum. The highest concentration of antigen was found to be detected in the sample of the vaccinated people (OD equal to 0.7). On the other hand, control samples were showing a low signal background (OD equal to 0.3)13 0Item Restricted Genetic Analysis of TMPRSS6 Gene in Saudi Female Patients with Iron Deficiency Anemia(Saudi Digital Library) LAMIAA HAMAD A ALJAMEA; Dr. Abdel Halim Deifalla2 0Item Restricted Kinesics in English Foreign Language Classrooms: The Role of Teachers' Gestures in Enhancing the Grammatical Proficiency of English Learners in the Intermediate Level Case Study: Narrative Tenses(Saudi Digital Library) Norah Ahmed Mohammed Alhassan; Dr. Abdul Aziz Bulaila0 0Item Restricted MicroRNAs Profiling Studies in Bahraini patients with Type 2 Diabetes and Related Complications: Possible Roles as Biomarkers(Saudi Digital Library) HAIFA ABDULLAH S AL MUHTARESH; Dr. Abdel Halim Deifalla & Dr. Ghada AL-Kafaji0 0Item Restricted Mutation Analysis of the Low Density Lipoprotein Receptor in Four Exons from Kuwaiti Patients with Coronary Heart Disease or Hypercholesterolemia(Saudi Digital Library) AMAL NAIF O AL SHAMMARY; Dr. Said A. Shawar5 0